Summary Of The Manly Report Of The Commission On Industrial Relations
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Final Report Of The Commission On Industrial Relations, Including The Report Of Basil M. Manly, Director Of Research And Investigation, And The Individual Reports And Statements Of The Several Commissioners FACSIMILE
HIGH QUALITY FACSIMILE REPRODUCTION: Manly, Basil Maxwell: Final Report Of The Commission On Industrial Relations, Including The Report Of Basil M. Manly, Director Of Research And Investigation, And The Individual Reports And Statements Of The Several Commissioners : Facsimile: Originally published by Washington : Govt. Print. Off. in 1916. Book will be printed in black and white, with grayscale images. Book will be 6 inches wide by 9 inches tall and soft cover bound. Any foldouts will be scaled to page size. If the book is larger than 1000 pages, it will be printed and bound in two parts. Due to the age of the original titles, we cannot be held responsible for missing pages, faded, or cut off text.
Basil Maxwell Manly was an American government official and publicist.
Background
Basil Maxwell Manly was born March 14, 1886 in Greenville, South Carolina, into a distinguished family of Baptist clergymen and educators. He was the namesake of three earlier Basil Manlys a great-grandfather who had fought in the American Revolution, a grandfather (1798 - 1868) who was president of the University of Alabama, and an uncle (1825 - 1892) who was president of Georgetown College in Kentucky. His father, Rev. Charles Manly, was president of Furman University in Greenville; his mother, Mary Esther Hellen (Matthews) Manly, came from Sumter County, Ala. Basil Maxwell Manly was the youngest of three sons and of nine children. Both of his brothers attained fame, John Matthews Manly as a philologist and head of the University of Chicago English department and Charles Matthews Manly as an inventor who contributed to the development of the airplane. Young Manly attended public schools in Lexington, Mo. , where his father had accepted a pastorate after leaving Furman in 1898.
Education
He entered the University of Missouri in 1902 but transferred after a year to Washington and Lee University in Lexington, Va. , where he earned the B. A. degree in 1906.
Career
Manly's first position, like most of his later career, was in the federal government. As a special agent for the Bureau of Labor Statistics in what was then called the Department of Commerce and Labor, he investigated wages and working conditions, most notably in his four-volume report on the steel industry (1912). During this period he spent a year (1909 - 1910) as a fellow in political science at the University of Chicago, then a seedbed of progressive reform. His involvement with reform deepened when he joined the staff of the U. S. Commission on Industrial Relations, set up by President Wilson in 1913 to study labor unrest. After completing his work for the commission in 1915, Manly turned briefly to journalism, writing a syndicated column on economics for the Newspaper Enterprise Association. Soon he returned to government as a special assistant in a Federal Trade Commission investigation of the meat-packing industry; he wrote the final report, published in 1918. In December of that year he succeeded Frank Walsh as co-chairman (with former President William H. Taft) of the National War Labor Board, which had made progress toward many of the reforms urged in the Manly Report. Manly served with the N. W. L. B. until its dissolution in August 1919. As the Wilson era in Washington ended, Manly formed a working relationship with Sen. Robert M. La Follette, leader of the Republican progressive wing. In December 1920 he became the director of the People's Legislative Service, a national counterpart of the Legislative Reference Service that La Follette had established as reform governor of Wisconsin; the service provided Congress and the public with data on legislation and public affairs. Manly worked also as a close political aide to La Follette, accompanying him on a trip to Russia in 1923 and serving as a speech writer during La Follette's presidential campaign in 1924. After La Follette's death the following year, Manly carried on the People's Legislative Service until it was closed in 1927. For a time Manly again mixed journalism and public affairs. By 1928 he was a special correspondent for a group of Democratic-oriented newspapers the New York Evening World, the Brooklyn Eagle, the Atlanta Constitution, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, and the Omaha World-Herald. In 1931, as special counsel to a Senate committee investigating campaign expeditures, he helped draft new corrupt-practices legislation. Manly's colleague Frank Walsh, who had been named chairman of the New York State Power Authority by Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt, called on Manly in 1932 to represent the authority in negotiations with the federal government over use of the St. Lawrence River.
When Roosevelt was nominated for president, Manly helped Walsh organize the National Progressive League among former La Follette supporters. President Roosevelt in 1933 appointed Manly to the Federal Power Commission, where, with other New Deal appointees, he helped win the FPC new powers. Even before he was named vice-chairman in December 1933, Manly was placed in charge of a national power survey; in 1934 he supervised the first national electric rate survey. He participated as well in discussions that led to passage in 1935 of the hotly debated Public Utility Act, which imposed a "death sentence" on utility holding companies and gave the FPC new authority over interstate electrical transmission. No longer vice-chairman after 1936, Manly nonetheless was named to represent the FPC in 1938 in a joint survey with the War Department of possible wartime power needs. The survey led to the appointment of a National Defense Power Committee, with Manly as vice-chairman. With the coming of war, Manly again was elected vice-chairman of the Federal Power Commission, as well as supervisor of wartime power contracts. Looking ahead to peacetime, he undertook a prolonged effort to bring natural-gas facilities under FPC regulation, and after his election as chairman in 1944, he sponsored an investigation of the natural gas industry. These initiatives led to a widened FPC jurisdiction in the postwar years. Manly left government service at the close of the war, at which time he became vice-president of the Southern Natural Gas Company and president of two associated companies in Atlanta and Birmingham. He continued to live in Washington while serving in these positions until his death. He died on May 11, 1950 of an internal hemorrhage at Emergency Hospital, Washington, and was buried at Fort Lincoln Mausoleum in that city.
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Religion
Manly was an "unaffiliated" Baptist.
Politics
Over a period of three decades, Manly had moved quietly in the mainstream of American progressive liberalism. His services, never spectacular nor self-aggrandizing, nonetheless had an impact on public policy, most notably in the industrial commission report and in his advocacy of stronger federal regulation by the FPC.
Views
Working closely with Frank P. Walsh, the head of the commission, Manly drafted what was intended to be its official report; it was, however, rejected as too radical by all the nonlabor members. The Manly Report, as it came to be called, concluded that working people did not get a fair share of national wealth, that workers believed the economic system was unjust, and that denial of the right to organize was a prime cause of unrest. The report urged such reforms as an eight-hour workday, equal pay for women, federal protection of migrant workers, and nationalization of the telephone and telegraph systems.
Connections
On December 15, 1912, he married Marie Merriman Bradley of Medford, Ore. They had one daughter, Laura Bradley.