Background
Bernhard Ernst von Bulow was born at Cismar in Holstein (now Gromitz, Schleswig-Holstein), Germany, on the 2nd of August 1813; the son of Adolf von Bulow, a Danish official.
Bernhard Ernst von Bulow was born at Cismar in Holstein (now Gromitz, Schleswig-Holstein), Germany, on the 2nd of August 1813; the son of Adolf von Bulow, a Danish official.
He studied law at the universities of Berlin, Gottingen and Kiel.
Bulow began his political career in the service of Denmark, in the chancery of Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg at Copenhagen, and afterwards in the foreign office. In 1842 he became councillor of legation, and in 1847 Danish charge d'affaires in the Hanse towns. When the insurrection broke out in the Elbe duchies (1848) he left the Danish service, and offered his services to the provisional government of Kiel, an offer that was not accepted. In 1849, accordingly, he re-entered the service of Denmark, was appointed a royal chamberlain and in 1850 sent to represent the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein at the restored federal diet of Frankfort. Here he came into intimate touch with Bismarck, who admired his statesmanlike handling of the growing complications of the Schleswig-Holstein Question. With the radical "Eider-Dane" party he was utterly out of sympathy; and when, in 1862, this party gained the upper hand, he was recalled from Frankfort. He now entered the service of the grand-duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and remained at the head of the grand-ducal government until 1867, when he became plenipotentiary for the two Mecklenburg duchies in the council of the German Confederation (Bundesrat). In 1873 Bismarck, who was in thorough sympathy with his views, persuaded him to enter the service of Prussia as secretary of state for foreign affairs. In 1875 he was appointed Prussian plenipotentiary in the Bundesrat; in 1877 he became Bismarck's lieutenant in the secretaryship for foreign affairs of the Empire; and in 1878 he was, with Bismarck and Hohenlohe, Prussian plenipotentiary at the congress of Berlin. He died at Frankfurt on the 20th of October 1879, his end being hastened by his exertions in connexion with the political crisis of that year.
His intercourse with the merchant princes led to his marriage in 1848 with a wealthy heiress, Louise Victorine Rucker. Of his six sons the eldest, Bernhard Heinrich Karl, became chancellor of the Empire.