Background
He was born in 1766 at San Giorgio Canavese in Piedmont.
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He was born in 1766 at San Giorgio Canavese in Piedmont.
He studied medicine at the university of Turin, and obtained his doctor's degree when about twenty years of age.
At first he favoured French policy in Italy, contributed to the annexation of Piedmont by France in 1799 (He was imprisoned for over a year; and on his release in 1795 he withdrew to France. ), and was an admirer of Napoleon; but he afterwards changed his views, realizing the necessity for the union of all Italians and for their freedom from foreign control.
After the separation of Piedmont from France in 1814, he retired into private life, but, fearing persecution at home, became a French citizen.
In 1817 he was appointed rector of the University of Rouen, but in 1822 was removed owing to clerical influence. In 1824 he published a history of Italy from 1789 to 1814 (4 vols. ), on which his fame principally rests; he himself had been an eyewitness of many of the events described.
His continuation of Guicciardini, which he was afterwards encouraged to undertake, is a careful and laborious work, but is not based on original authorities and is of small value.
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He was the ardent exponent of that recoil against everything French which took place throughout Europe.
Botta was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1821.