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(Excerpt from Analytical and Topical Index to the Reports ...)
Excerpt from Analytical and Topical Index to the Reports of the Chief of Engineers and Officers of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, 1866-1900, Vol. 2: Volume I and II-River and Harbor Works; Volume III-Fortifications, Bridges, Laws, Miscellaneous, and Topical Index Table showing what page ends each part of the annual reports of the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army,from 1866 to 1900. Year. Part 1. Part 2. Part 3. Part 4. Part 6. Part 6. Part 7. Part 8. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Charles Walker Raymond was born on January 14, 1842 at Hartford, Connecticut, the son of Robert Raikes and Mary Anna (Pratt) Raymond, and a younger brother of Rossiter Worthington Raymond. The Raymonds were descended from Richard who was made a freeman of Salem, Massachussets, in 1634. Charles's father was a professional man of unusual versatility, and his home life was one of culture and literary interest.
In 1861 he was graduated from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, of which his uncle, John H. Raymond, was president and in which his father was for a time professor of English. He then went to West Point and became a student at the United States Military Academy. While still a cadet he was commissioned lieutenant of artillery and served on the staff of Gen. D. N. Couch in the Gettysburg campaign. He then returned to West Point and was graduated at the head of his class in 1865, being made a first lieutenant of engineers in June of that year.
He was promoted to captain in 1867, to major in 1883, to lieutenant-colonel in 1898, to colonel in January 1904, and to brigadier-general upon his retirement at his own request in June of the last-named year.
In 1869, two years after Alaska was bought by the United States, he was ordered to accompany an expedition of American fur-traders on the first steam vessel that went up the Yukon River. He made one of the first maps of this river, determined by astronomical observation that Fort Yukon was on American soil, and ejected the British fur-traders from that post.
His "Report of a Reconnaissance of the Yukon River, Alaska Territory, July to September 1869" is well written and interesting. Throughout most of the seventies he was an instructor at West Point and he designed new buildings and a water-supply system for the Academy.
In 1874-75 he was on special service in command of the United States expedition to Tasmania to observe a transit of Venus.
He published in 1881 Contributions to the Theory of Blasting, or Military Mining, a translation of the work of Hans Hofer von Heimhalt. During the mid-eighties he was in charge of river and harbor improvements in Massachusetts, notably at Boston, Newburyport, and Sandy Bay. Later he was in charge of harbor improvements at Philadelphia and in Delaware River and Bay, including the construction of the Delaware breakwater, a design which he courageously advocated despite hostile criticism. The extensive dredging operations at Philadelphia involved the removal of several islands and gave that city a deep-sea harbor. Other important technical work included fortifications, bridge designs, and observations of terrestrial magnetism.
In 1888-89 he served as engineer commissioner of the District of Columbia. Among the numerous chairmanships that he held were those of the Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways (1897) to report on routes to connect the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean, and the American Section of the Permanent International Commission of Navigation Congresses (1903).
As chairman of the board of engineers that advised on the driving of the Hudson tunnels of the Pennsylvania Railroad, he was active, despite failing eyesight, in adapting the design to the serious obstacles encountered, sometimes against the opposition of his colleagues. He published his report to the railroad company in 1911, and his name heads the list of engineers on the memorial tablet in the entrance of the Pennsylvania station in New York. General Goethals held his advice in high esteem in connection with the digging of the Panama Canal, and only Raymond's failing health prevented his taking a much more important part therein.
(Excerpt from Analytical and Topical Index to the Reports ...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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As a military and civil engineer, he was versatile and ingenious, and he was skilled in expressing his ideas in clear English.
On November 8, 1866, he married Clara Wise of Brooklyn, who died in 1901. His second wife was Alice D. Krause, widow of Capt. William Krause, United States Army, whom he married in 1904 and who survived him. Two of his sons became officers in the army.
