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Charles Herbert was born on October 13, 1845 in Philadelphia, United States. He was a descendant of Richard Stockton who was in Flushing, Long Island, in 1656. Charles was the son of Rev. William Rodgers Stockton, an Episcopalian clergyman, and Emma Trout (Gross) Stockton.
After schooling at the Germantown Academy and the Freeland Academy (Collegeville, Pennsylvania), he was appointed in November 1861 midshipman at the Naval Academy, then located at Newport, Rhod Island.
In 1864 Stockton saw his first active service, on board the Macedonian during her pursuit of the Confederate steamers Florida and Tallahassee. After his graduation in the following year he was ordered first to the Dacotah, then to the Chattanooga, and finally to the Mohican, in which he sailed for the Pacific, where he served three years. In the meantime he had been promoted ensign (1866), master (1868), and lieutenant (1869).
In 1870 he joined the Congress and made an extensive cruise embracing the West Indies, the coast of Greenland, and the Mediterranean. In 1874-75, on board the Swatara, he made a voyage around the world, assisting on the Asiatic Station with the observations of the transit of Venus.
After a year at the Hydrographic Office in Washington he was sent in 1876 to the Plymouth of the North Atlantic Squadron and served on board her until 1879, when he was ordered to the New York navy yard. The summer of 1880 he spent at the Torpedo Station, Newport, and in November was made a lieutenant commander.
From 1882 to 1885 he was again in the Pacific, this time serving as the executive officer of the Iroquois and taking part in the suppression of a riot on shore at Panama as commander of a battalion of seamen. A pamphlet entitled Origin, History, Laws, and Regulations of the United States Naval Asylum, which he compiled while attached to the Bureau of Yards and Docks, was published by the Navy Department in 1886.
In the summer of 1887 and 1888 he lectured at the Naval War College, Newport, and in the latter year he served on the commission that located the Puget Sound navy yard, Bremerton, Wash.
In 1889-91 he commanded the Thetis and made a cruise with the whaling fleet in Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean. On his return home he was assigned to special duty at the Naval War College. While there he attained a proficiency in international law which led to his lecturing on that subject during several summers.
In 1898-1900 he was president of the College. In 1898 he prepared and arranged for publication a book entitled International Law: A Manual Based upon Lectures Delivered at the Naval War College by Freeman Snow, and in 1904 his paper on the "United States Naval War Code" and his volume International Law: Recent Supreme Court Decisions and Other Opinions and Precedents were issued. In the meantime he had been promoted commander (April 1892) and captain (July 1899) and had served on the Asiatic Station as commander of the Yorktown (1895 - 97).
In 1901-03 he commanded on that station in the battleship Kentucky, and in 1903-06 he served as naval attache in London, having a small part in the work of the Alaska Boundary Commission.
On January 7, 1906, he was promoted rear admiral. While holding that rank he was president of the board of inspection and survey and also of the naval examining and retiring boards and commander of a special service squadron sent to Bordeaux, France, for the Maritime Exposition.
He was retired on October 13, 1907. Stockton's usefulness by no means came to an end with his retirement from the navy. In 1908-09 he was first delegate at the Declaration of London Conference.
From 1910 to 1918 he served, without salary, as president of the George Washington University during a crucial period in the history of that institution. The university was reestablished on a new site, its fiscal affairs were systematized, and the number of students was doubled. For more than a decade he lectured at the university on international law.
In 1911 a new edition of the manual on international law was published, and in 1914 he brought out his standard work, Outlines of International Law. He also continued to add to his special studies in this field various articles contributed to periodicals.
He died in 1924.
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A devout member of St. John's Episcopal Church in Washington, Stockton found time to act as vestryman and committeeman and in other administrative capacities.
The Admiral was of robust constitution, stocky, a little below average stature - a friendly and genial man who throughout a long life was always adding to his attainments.
He was twice married: on June 23, 1875, to Cornelia A. Carter of New York, who died on July 1, 1876; and on November 23, 1880, to Pauline Lentilhon King, also of New York. He had a daughter by his first wife and a son and daughter by his second.
