Background
He was born at Braelangwell, Cromarty, Scotland on July 1, 1805. He came of a good Scottish family.
(Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts verlor das Osmanische Reic...)
Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts verlor das Osmanische Reich, in seiner Blütezeit einer der mächtigsten Staaten der Weltgeschichte, mehr und mehr an innerer Kraft. Wichtige, an den Rändern gelegene Regionen wie etwa Ägypten erklärten ihre Unabhängigkeit und insbesondere in Südosteuropa gelang es zahlreichen Volks- und Sprachgruppen immer besser, sich gegen die als bedrückend empfundene osmanische Oberherrschaft zur Wehr zu setzen. Auf ein großes allgemeines Interesse stieß dabei der mühevolle griechische Unabhängigkeitskampf, und nicht von ungefähr prägte man in Europa damals mit Blick auf den Orient das Wort vom "Kranken Mann am Bosporus". Allerdings waren sich die europäischen Nationalstaaten nicht einig darüber, wie man sich den Osmanen gegenüber nunmehr am besten zu verhalten hätte. Insbesondere England sah sich durch eine mögliche Ausdehnung der russischen Interessensgebiete bedroht, sodass man sich in London eher für den Erhalt des Reichs einsetzte, das sich unter Sultan Abdulmecid I. (1839-1861) und dessen auf das Allgemeinwohl hin ausgerichteten Reformen wieder festigen konnte. Zur besseren Beurteilung der Lage brachen wiederholt britische Gesandtschaften nach Konstantinopel auf, und auch Reisende sahen sich in den bedrohten Grenzregionen in teils offiziellem, teils inoffiziellem Auftrag nach den aktuellen politischen Gegebenheiten um. Im Jahr 1830 unternahm der Schotte David Urquhart eine solche Reise, die ihn von der Peloponnes über Mittelgriechenland und Thessaloniki nach Skutari/Skodar im heutigen Albanien führte. Der vorliegende Band hat Urquharts Erlebnisse vom Berg Olymp bis an die albanische Adriaküste zum Inhalt, eine Reise, die ihn, den begeisterten Freund und Bewunderer der türkischen Lebensweise, durch die eindrucksvollen, aber auch gefährlichen Täler und Schluchten des Balkangebirges führte.
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(Am Vorabend der Staatsgründung des modernen Griechenlands...)
Am Vorabend der Staatsgründung des modernen Griechenlands unternahm Urquhart eine längere Reise, die ihn von der Peloponnes über Makedonien in das heutige Albanien führte. Offiziell war er als Privatmann unterwegs, inoffiziell jedoch statte er regelmäßig Berichte nach London über die politische Situation und die sozialen Verhältnisse im Land ab, da England nicht an einer massiven Schwächung des osmanischen Staates und an einem weiteren Vordringen Russlands im Orient interessiert war. Insbesondere die russischen Aktivitäten im heutigen Nordgriechenland beobachtete man in England mit großer Sorge. Sein Tagebuch über seine Reise des Jahres 1830 veröffentliche David Urquhart im Jahr 1838 unter dem englischen Titel The Spirit of the East (dt. Der Geiste des Orients). Eine deutsche Übersetzung erschien bereits im selben Jahr, was die große Bedeutung Urquharts als Politiker und Literat in seiner Zeit unterstreicht. In dem ganzen Bericht scheint seine Skepsis gegenüber dem neuen Griechentum durch, das seiner Meinung nach mit dem der Antike nicht mehr viel zu tun habe. Überall begegnet man schlechtem Benehmen, Betrügereien und Überfällen der allgegenwärtigen "Klephthen", also räuberischer Diebesbanden, während man in dem türkisch dominierten Norden weit sicherer unterwegs wäre, da dort noch eine staatliche Ordnung existiere. Auch seien die Menschen dort, vor allem natürlich in den größeren Städten, angenehmer und weit gebildeter als im griechischen Süden. Bereits die englische Originalausgabe erschien in zwei Bänden. Die ursprüngliche Aufteilung wird in dieser Neuausgabe beibehalten. Der erste Band reicht von der Peloponnes bis zum Berg Olymp in Mittelgriechenland, behandelt also jenes Gebiet, in dem sich der größte Teil des neugriechischen Staates bis zum Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs befand.
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(Excerpt from Rétablissement du Droit Canon: Vindication d...)
Excerpt from Rétablissement du Droit Canon: Vindication de l'Église Catholique Contre un Dominicain Exclusion totale de toute explication des Commande ments par rapport à des actes collectifs; omission totale de l'enseignement des Catéchismes Canoniques en ce qui concerne la Guerre; omission du terme même de meurtre. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(After 45 years in Australia David Urquhart writes of his ...)
After 45 years in Australia David Urquhart writes of his childhood in a land which was quite the opposite in terms of climate and culture. He recalls fond memories of his family and his schoolteacher in the remote hills of western Scotland. In the days when the gentry owned the land and his father had the job of deerstalker in the wild wet mountains of Wester Ross. These were times when the peats and the hay had to be cut and dried before the onset of winter or the family would freeze and the cows and the horse would starve. This is a story of growing up in a unique environment among hard times and good and not knowing any different. It is an extraordinary tale of an ordinary man.
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( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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(This volume is an interdisciplinary mix of perspectives a...)
This volume is an interdisciplinary mix of perspectives and studies on social issues in fisheries from a diverse range of case studies and research disciplines. The case is made regarding the dearth of attention to socio-cultural considerations which to date have been largely treated as an externality of fisheries policy. It will be valuable to researchers and decision makers interested in understanding the social dimension of fisheries and provides a timely and relevant compilation of research and analysis on some of the critical socio-cultural issues facing fisheries management and fishing communities today.
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He was born at Braelangwell, Cromarty, Scotland on July 1, 1805. He came of a good Scottish family.
He was educated in France, Switzerland and Spain, and then at St John's College, Oxford.
In 1827 he went under Lord Cochrane (Dundonald) to fight for the Greeks in the War of Independence; he was present at the action of the 28th of September when Captain Hastings destroyed the Turkish squadron in the Bay of Salona, and as lieutenant of the frigate " Hellas " he was severely wounded in the attack on Scio. In November 1828 he left the Greek service. In 1830 he privately examined the new Greek frontier as determined by the protocol of March 22, 1829, and the value of his reports to the government led to his being named British commissioner to accompany Prince Leopold of Coburg to Greece, but the appointment fell to the ground with that prince's refusal of the Greek throne. His knowledge of the local conditions, however, led to his being appointed in November 1831 attache to Sir Stratford Canning (Lord Stratford de Red- cliffe), ambassador extraordinary to the sultan, for the purpose of finally deliminating the frontiers of Turkey and Greece. On his return to England he published in 1833 Turkey and its Resources, a violent denunciation of Russia. In 1833 he was sent on a secret mission to Turkey to inquire into possible openings for British trade, and at Constantinople he gained the complete confidence of the Turkish government. The situation, however, was a delicate one, and Urquhart's outspoken advocacy of British intervention on behalf of the sultan against Mehemet Ali, the policy of Stratford Canning, made him a danger to international peace; he was consequently recalled by Palmerston. At this time appeared his pamphlet England, France, Russia and Turkey, the violent anti-Russian character of which brought him into conflict with Richard Cobden. In 1835 he was appointed secretary of embassy at Constantinople, but an unfortunate attempt to counteract Russian aggressive designs in Circassia, which threatened to lead to an international crisis, again led to his recall in 1837. In 1835, before leaving for the East, he founded a periodical called the Portfolio, and in the first issue printed a series of Russian state papers, which made a profound impression. From 1847 to 1852 he sat in parliament as member for Stafford, and carried on a vigorous crusade against Lord Palmerston's foreign policy. The action of England in the Crimean War provoked indignant protests from Urquhart, who contended that Turkey was in a position to fight her own battles without the assistance of other Powers. To attack the government, he organized " foreign affairs committees " which became known as " Urquhartite, " throughout the country, and in 1855 founded the Free Press (in 1866 renamed the Diplomatic Review), which numbered among its contributors the socialist Karl Marx. In 1860 he published his book on The Lebanon. From 1864 until his death Urquhart's health compelled him to live on the continent, where he devoted his energies to promoting the study of international law. He died on the 16th of May 1877.
(Excerpt from Rétablissement du Droit Canon: Vindication d...)
(Am Vorabend der Staatsgründung des modernen Griechenlands...)
(This volume is an interdisciplinary mix of perspectives a...)
(After 45 years in Australia David Urquhart writes of his ...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(This Elibron Classics book is a facsimile reprint of a 18...)
(Zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts verlor das Osmanische Reic...)
From 1847 to 1852 he sat in parliament as member for Stafford, and carried on a vigorous campaign against Lord Palmerston's foreign policy.
He was against the imposition of sanitary reform, and vehemently opposed the passage of the Public Health Act 1848.
He married Harriet Chichester Fortescue, by whom he had two sons and two daughters.