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(Excerpt from An Enumeration of North American Lichenes, W...)
Excerpt from An Enumeration of North American Lichenes, With a Preliminary View of the Structure and General History of These Plants, and of the Friesian System: To Which Is Prefixed, an Essay on the Natural Systems of Oken, Fries, and Endlicher Theige' is in all natural bodies a tendency to an individual and separate nature this individuality is manifest in animals and plants, and is asserted also of minerals, from the definiteness in these last of the proportions of their chemical constituents. It is this which' makes the empirical natural science possible, and in individuals and their relations it has its beginning and entire scope. We may from this run through the history of our studies, from general science arriving at botanical, and thence, from past researches, at those to which this case is devoted. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Originally published in 1872. This volume from the Cornel...)
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Edward Tuckerman was born on December 7, 1817 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the eldest son of a merchant of the same name and Sophia (May) Tuckerman. His brother was Frederick Goddard Tuckerman (1821–1873), the American poet and his first cousin was Henry Theodore Tuckerman (1813–1871), an American writer, essayist and critic.
Prepared for college at Boston Latin School, he graduated (B. A. ) from Union College in 1837 and from Harvard Law School in 1839.
Two years later he visited Europe, to pursue special studies in philosophy, history, and botany, an important influence in his later work being his studies at Uppsala, Sweden, under the famous lichenologist Elias Fries.
Returning in 1842, he reentered Union College and received the degree of M. A. the next year. Desiring then to obtain an academic degree from Harvard, he matriculated as a senior in 1846, graduating (B. A. ) in 1847.
Subsequently he entered Harvard Divinity School, and completed the courses of study in 1852.
Amherst awarded him an LLD.
When Lewis and Clark went on their 1804-1806 expedition across the western United States, they collected many plant, seed, and flower species that had never been seen before. Lewis wrote notes about these species and they were put on scrap book paper. After Lewis supposedly committed suicide in 1809, dozens of his scrapbook pages were stolen by a botanist who was supposed to draw and classify the plants collected on the expedition. He took the papers to England to sell for money at an auction in 1842. Tuckerman noticed the auction and the significance of these papers. He bought them and then donated them to the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia.
After teaching at Union College, Tuckerman was a professor at Amherst College from 1854 until his death, successively Lecturer in History, Professor of Oriental History, and from 1858 Professor of Botany.
His first paper, on New England lichens, was given in 1838 or 1839. In 1843, he published privately the first serious systematic analysis of the genus Carex, Enumeratio Methodica Caricum Quarundam. Tuckerman liked to write his botanical studies in Latin. He also made the first systematic study of native Potamogeton, and after becoming Professor of Botany at Amherst, began preparing A Catalogue of Plants Growing without cultivation within 30 miles of Amherst College (published in 1875). However, his main focus was lichens. He published a number of important studies in the field, drawing on both his own collecting and specimens sent to him from elsewhere, in particular by Charles Wright from Cuba. His career culminated in the publication of Genera Lichenum: An Arrangement of the North American Lichens (1872) and Synopsis of the North American Lichens, Part 1 (1882). His last botanical publication was in 1884, and he may have published anonymous theological articles after that. Tuckerman did not accept that lichens are a combination of fungi and algae, a theory advanced late in his life.
Tuckerman died on March 15, 1886.
(Excerpt from An Enumeration of North American Lichenes, W...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
( This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
(Originally published in 1872. This volume from the Cornel...)
He was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1855.
He was a founding member of the Natural History Society of Boston.
He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1868.
Though never robust, Tuckerman was in early life an intrepid explorer.
Of gentle, sensitive disposition and retiring temperament, he was noted for his amiability, helpfulness, and exquisite taste, and equally for his keen independent criticism, his fondness for antiquarian and genealogical research, and his studious attention to philosophy, divinity, and law.
Quotes from others about the person
In the words of his friend Asa Gray , he was "much more than an excellent specialist. "
He married Sarah Eliza Sigourney Cushing, in Boston, May 17, 1854. She was the daughter of Thomas Parkman Cushing, who was his father's business partner. They had no children.
1832–1915
(February 4, 1821 – May 9, 1873) He was an American poet, remembered mostly for his sonnet series.
(April 20, 1813 – December 17, 1871) He was an American writer, essayist and critic.
