Coronation portrait of Elizabeth II by Sir Herbert James Gunn
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Queen Elizabeth with her Maids of Honour after the Coronation
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Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Procession
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Chicago, Illinois, United States
Queen Elizabeth II rides in a car with Gov. William Stratton and Mayor Richard J. Daley on July 6, 1959.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
Chicago, Illinois, United States
Queen Elizabeth II during a dinner at the grand ballroom in Chicago’s Hilton Hotel on July 6, 1959. The queen also offered a toast extending greetings to President Dwight Eisenhower.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
De Gaulle And Elizabeth II, 1960
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Elizabeth and Commonwealth leaders at the 1960 Commonwealth Conference
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Queen Elizabeth II and Duke of Edinburgh 1963
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Queen Elizabeth II with baby Prince Edward at Frogmore House on 21st April
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President Nixon meets the Queen at Chequers on 3 October 1970
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1970
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The Queen with Edward Heath and American First Lady Pat Nixon, 1970
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Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip sort through a basket of mail on the occasion of their 25th wedding anniversary, 1972
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Queen Elizabeth II on official visit in France, May 1972
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The Queen meets Pope John Paul II (17 October 1980)
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Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh at Government House, Canberra
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26 April 1991: Polish President Lech Walesa talks to the Queen at Windsor Castle during his four-day state visit to Britain
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Queen Elizabeth II pays a state visit to South Africa in 1995 - the first visit by a reigning British monarch since 1947.
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Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Diana, 1987
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London, England, United Kingdom
Bill Clinton, accompanied by his wife Hillary and daughter Chelsea, talks to the Queen at Buckingham Palace on 14 December 2000
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Berkshire, England, United Kingdom
Celebs and royalty attend the "2004 Cartier International Polo Day" at Guards Polo Club, Windsor Great Park
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II attends the unveiling a monument to the Women of World War II as part of the Commemorative events marking the 60th anniversary of the end of World War II, in Whitehall on July 9, 2005
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Berkshire, England, United Kingdom
Stars flock to the 2005 Cartier International polo match between England and Australia held at Windsor Great
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Bill Gates, Queen Elizabeth II
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Sandhurst, England, United States
Prince William (R with red sash) is inspected by his grandmother HM Queen Elizabeth II as he takes part in The Sovereigns Parade at The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on December 15, 2006 in Sandhurst, England.There were 446 Officer Cadets in the parade of which 227 were passing out and 14 different countries armed forces were represented.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
Queen Elizabeth II arrives at the Braemar Gathering at the Princess Royal and Duke of Fife Memorial Park on September 1, 2007 in Braemar, Scotland. Large crowds attend each year to acclaim their monarch and Chieftain of the Braemar Gathering. There have been gatherings of one sort or another at Bremar for the last nine hundred years.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II leaves Buckingham Palace in the Royal Carriage to attend the State Opening of Parliament on December 3, 2008 in London, England. Crime and finance measures are set to feature in the Queen's Speech as the government outlines bills for the next year.
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Queen Elizabeth boards a First Capital Connect train at Kings Cross Station to travel to Kings Lynn in Norfolk.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II presents the Queen's Medal for Music to conductor Sir Colin Davis at Mansion House on December 8, 2009 in London, England. The Queen was at Mansion House to see a performance by the London Symphony Orchestra and to present The Queen's Medal for Music to Sir Colin Davis.
Gallery of Elizabeth II
Sandringham, England, United States
Queen Elizabeth II receives gifts as she attends the Christmas Day Church Service with other members of the Royal family, at St Mary's Church on December 25, 2010
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II poses for a photo during the recording of her Christmas Day Speech to the Commonwealth, in the Chapel Royal at Hampton Court Palace, on December 15, 2010
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London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II stands in the 1844 Room of Buckingham Palace after recording her annual Christmas Day television broadcast to the Commonwealth on December 9, 2011
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Queen Elizabeth II receives the gift of a portrait from Sir Rodney Williams and his wife upon his appointment as Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda during an audience at Windsor Castle on December 5, 2014 in Windsor, United Kingdom.
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London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II meets with the Ambassador of Turkey Mr Abdurrahman Bilgic as he presents his credentials during a private audience at Buckingham Palace on November 13, 2014
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Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh pose as they attend a dinner at the Corinthia Palace Hotel in Attard during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) on November 27, 2015 near Valletta, Malta. Queen Elizabeth II, The Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall arrived today to attend the Commonwealth Heads of State Summit.
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His Excellency Mr Eduardo dos Santos the Ambassador of Brazil, as he presents his credentials to Queen Elizabeth II in Buckingham Palace
Gallery of Elizabeth II
London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II meets Mr George Adesola Oguntade, the High Commissioner of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, as he presents his Letter of Credence with his wife, Mrs Oguntade, during a private audience at Buckingham Palace on December 6, 2017
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Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Philip
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London, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II signs the Instrument, which is a document, written on vellum, and formally records Her Majesty's attendance at the lunch to celebrate the 70th anniversary of her becoming a Freeman of the Company at Drapers' Hall on the occasion of the 70th Anniversary of Her Majesty's Admission to the Freedom of the Company on May 31, 2017
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Berkshire, England, United Kingdom
Queen Elizabeth II shows South African President Cyril Ramaphosa letters between her and Nelson Mandela on South Africa returning to the Commomwealth which was presented as a gift to him during an audience at Windsor Castle on April 17, 2018
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21/04/2018 The Queen's Birthday Party.
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The Duke and Duchess of Sussex pose with their families and wedding party members in the Green Drawing Room at Windsor Castle on May 19, 2018
A portrait of young Elizabeth II (1926- ) of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, wearing the crown of the kings and queens of England for her coronation.
The newly crowned Queen Elizabeth II waves to the crowd from the balcony at Buckingham Palace. Her children Prince Charles and Princess Anne stand with her.
Elizabeth (center), with national leaders Pierre Trudeau, (Prince Charles far background), Princess Margaret, Takeo Fukuda, James Callaghan, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Prince Philip, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Jimmy Carter, Giulio Andreotti, and Helmut Schmidt.
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and Queen Elizabeth II watch part of a children's sports event while visiting Vernon Park during a Diamond Jubilee visit to Nottingham.
Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge arrive for the annual evening reception for members of the Diplomatic Corps at Buckingham Palace.
Queen Elizabeth II sits next to Anna Wintour as they view Richard Quinn's runway show before presenting him with the inaugural Queen Elizabeth II Award for British Design as she visits London Fashion Week's BFC Show Space.
Queen Elizabeth II during a dinner at the grand ballroom in Chicago’s Hilton Hotel on July 6, 1959. The queen also offered a toast extending greetings to President Dwight Eisenhower.
Queen Elizabeth II attends the unveiling a monument to the Women of World War II as part of the Commemorative events marking the 60th anniversary of the end of World War II, in Whitehall on July 9, 2005
Prince William (R with red sash) is inspected by his grandmother HM Queen Elizabeth II as he takes part in The Sovereigns Parade at The Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on December 15, 2006 in Sandhurst, England.There were 446 Officer Cadets in the parade of which 227 were passing out and 14 different countries armed forces were represented.
Queen Elizabeth II arrives at the Braemar Gathering at the Princess Royal and Duke of Fife Memorial Park on September 1, 2007 in Braemar, Scotland. Large crowds attend each year to acclaim their monarch and Chieftain of the Braemar Gathering. There have been gatherings of one sort or another at Bremar for the last nine hundred years.
Queen Elizabeth II leaves Buckingham Palace in the Royal Carriage to attend the State Opening of Parliament on December 3, 2008 in London, England. Crime and finance measures are set to feature in the Queen's Speech as the government outlines bills for the next year.
Queen Elizabeth II presents the Queen's Medal for Music to conductor Sir Colin Davis at Mansion House on December 8, 2009 in London, England. The Queen was at Mansion House to see a performance by the London Symphony Orchestra and to present The Queen's Medal for Music to Sir Colin Davis.
Queen Elizabeth II receives gifts as she attends the Christmas Day Church Service with other members of the Royal family, at St Mary's Church on December 25, 2010
Queen Elizabeth II poses for a photo during the recording of her Christmas Day Speech to the Commonwealth, in the Chapel Royal at Hampton Court Palace, on December 15, 2010
Queen Elizabeth II stands in the 1844 Room of Buckingham Palace after recording her annual Christmas Day television broadcast to the Commonwealth on December 9, 2011
Queen Elizabeth II receives the gift of a portrait from Sir Rodney Williams and his wife upon his appointment as Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda during an audience at Windsor Castle on December 5, 2014 in Windsor, United Kingdom.
Queen Elizabeth II meets with the Ambassador of Turkey Mr Abdurrahman Bilgic as he presents his credentials during a private audience at Buckingham Palace on November 13, 2014
Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh pose as they attend a dinner at the Corinthia Palace Hotel in Attard during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) on November 27, 2015 near Valletta, Malta. Queen Elizabeth II, The Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall arrived today to attend the Commonwealth Heads of State Summit.
Queen Elizabeth II meets Mr George Adesola Oguntade, the High Commissioner of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, as he presents his Letter of Credence with his wife, Mrs Oguntade, during a private audience at Buckingham Palace on December 6, 2017
Queen Elizabeth II signs the Instrument, which is a document, written on vellum, and formally records Her Majesty's attendance at the lunch to celebrate the 70th anniversary of her becoming a Freeman of the Company at Drapers' Hall on the occasion of the 70th Anniversary of Her Majesty's Admission to the Freedom of the Company on May 31, 2017
Queen Elizabeth II shows South African President Cyril Ramaphosa letters between her and Nelson Mandela on South Africa returning to the Commomwealth which was presented as a gift to him during an audience at Windsor Castle on April 17, 2018
In this undated image supplied by Sky News, Queen Elizabeth II sits at a desk in the 1844 Room at Buckingham Palace, after recording her Christmas Day broadcast to the Commonwealth at Buckingham Palace, London.
Elizabeth II, in full Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, officially Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of her other realms and territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from February 6, 1952. In 2015 she surpassed Victoria to become the longest-reigning monarch in British history.
Background
Queen Elizabeth II was born Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on April 21, 1926, in London, to Prince Albert, Duke of York (later known as King George VI), and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. Her father was the second son of the King. Her mother was the youngest daughter of Scottish aristocrat the Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. She was delivered by Caesarean section at her maternal grandfather's London house: 17 Bruton Street, Mayfair.
Her unruffled childhood took a decisive turn when her grandfather King George V passed away and her uncle Edward VIII abdicated the throne in 1936 to be with his lady love and twice divorcee, Wallis Simpson. Consequently, Elizabeth’s father was crowned king and she became the crown princess and next in line to the throne.
Education
Elizabeth, with her sister Margaret, started her education at home and learned history, French, mathematics, geography along with dancing, singing and art.
Elizabeth received private tuition in constitutional history from Henry Marten, Vice-Provost of Eton College, and learned French from a succession of native-speaking governesses. A Girl Guides company, the 1st Buckingham Palace Company, was formed specifically so she could socialise with girls her own age. Later, she was enrolled as a Sea Ranger.
Career
In the summer of 1951 the health of King George VI entered into a serious decline, and Princess Elizabeth represented him at the Trooping the Colour and on various other state occasions. On October 7 she and her husband set out on a highly successful tour of Canada and Washington, D.C. After Christmas in England she and the duke set out in January 1952 for a tour of Australia and New Zealand, but en route, at Sagana, Kenya, news reached them of the king’s death on February 6, 1952. Elizabeth, now queen, at once flew back to England. The first three months of her reign, the period of full mourning for her father, were passed in comparative seclusion. But in the summer, after she had moved from Clarence House to Buckingham Palace, she undertook the routine duties of the sovereign and carried out her first state opening of Parliament on November 4, 1952. Her coronation was held at Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953.
Beginning in November 1953 the queen and the duke of Edinburgh made a six-month round-the-world tour of the Commonwealth, which included the first visit to Australia and New Zealand by a reigning British monarch. In 1957, after state visits to various European nations, she and the duke visited Canada and the United States. In 1961 she made the first royal British tour of the Indian subcontinent in 50 years, and she was also the first reigning British monarch to visit South America (in 1968) and the Persian Gulf countries (in 1979). During her “Silver Jubilee” in 1977, she presided at a London banquet attended by the leaders of the 36 members of the Commonwealth, traveled all over Britain and Northern Ireland, and toured overseas in the South Pacific and Australia, in Canada, and in the Caribbean.
On the accession of Queen Elizabeth, her son Prince Charles became heir apparent; he was named prince of Wales on July 26, 1958, and was so invested on July 1, 1969. The queen’s other children were Princess Anne (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise), born August 15, 1950, and created princess royal in 1987; Prince Andrew (Andrew Albert Christian Edward), born February 19, 1960, and created duke of York in 1986; and Prince Edward (Edward Anthony Richard Louis), born March 10, 1964, and created earl of Wessex and Viscount Severn in 1999. All these children have the surname “of Windsor,” but in 1960 Elizabeth decided to create the hyphenated name Mountbatten-Windsor for other descendants not styled prince or princess and royal highness. Elizabeth’s first grandchild (Princess Anne’s son) was born on November 15, 1977.
The queen seemed increasingly aware of the modern role of the monarchy, allowing, for example, the televising of the royal family’s domestic life in 1970 and condoning the formal dissolution of her sister’s marriage in 1978. In the 1990s, however, the royal family faced a number of challenges. In 1992, a year that Elizabeth referred to as the royal family’s annus horribilis, Prince Charles and his wife, Diana, princess of Wales, separated, as did Prince Andrew and his wife, Sarah, duchess of York. Moreover, Anne divorced, and a fire gutted the royal residence of Windsor Castle. In addition, as the country struggled with a recession, resentment over the royals’ lifestyle mounted, and in 1992 Elizabeth, although personally exempt, agreed to pay taxes on her private income. The separation and later divorce (1996) of Charles and the immensely popular Diana further eroded support for the royal family, which was viewed by some as antiquated and unfeeling. The criticism intensified following Diana’s death in 1997, especially after Elizabeth initially refused to allow the national flag to fly at half-staff over Buckingham Palace. In line with her earlier attempts at modernizing the monarchy, the queen subsequently sought to present a less-stuffy and less-traditional image of the monarchy. These attempts were met with mixed success.
In 2002 Elizabeth celebrated her 50th year on the throne. As part of her “Golden Jubilee,” events were held throughout the Commonwealth, including several days of festivities in London. The celebrations were somewhat diminished by the deaths of Elizabeth’s mother and sister early in the year. Beginning in the latter part of the first decade of the 21st century, the public standing of the royal family rebounded, and even Charles’s 2005 marriage to Camilla Parker Bowles found much support among the British people. In April 2011 Elizabeth led the family in celebrating the wedding of Prince William of Wales—the elder son of Charles and Diana—and Catherine Middleton. The following month she surpassed George III to become the second longest-reigning monarch in British history, behind Victoria. Also in May, Elizabeth made a historic trip to Ireland, becoming both the first British monarch to visit the Irish republic and the first to set foot in Ireland since 1911. In 2012 Elizabeth celebrated her “Diamond Jubilee,” marking 60 years on the throne. On September 9, 2015, she surpassed Victoria’s record reign of 63 years and 216 days.
She grew up Anglican, being part of the most famous Church of England family in the world. Upon inheriting the throne from her father, she also inherited his title as Defender of the Faith, a role every monarch has held since Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church.
For Elizabeth II, the Church of England is “occasionally misunderstood and, I believe, commonly under-appreciated. Its role is not to defend Anglicanism to the exclusion of other religions. Instead, the Church has a duty to protect the free practice of all faiths in this country.” In that 2012 speech, she went on to say, that “The Church of England has created an environment for other faith communities and indeed people of no faith to life freely.”
Politics
Queen Elizabeth II does not wield any political power in England and remains politically neutral as her symbolic position dictates.
Queen Elizabeth’s role in English politics is purely symbolic. She takes no official stance on British policy or regarding any British political parties. For all intents and purposes, The United Kingdom is a constitutional parliamentary democracy, meaning that leaders with real political power are elected by popular vote. The Queen does carry the symbolic duty of inviting a newly elected Prime Minister to take office once he/she has won the election.
The Queen has always shown the utmost respect to Britain’s elected leaders and, during various speeches, has espoused the virtues of democracy and the actions of individuals in relation to their country. She once said:
"I have also witnessed great change, much of it for the better, particularly in science and technology, and in social attitudes. Remarkably, many of these sweeping advances have come about not because of governments, committee resolutions, or central directives — although all these have played a part — but instead because millions of people around the world have wanted them."
Views
Elizabeth is known to favour simplicity in court life and is also known to take a serious and informed interest in government business, aside from the traditional and ceremonial duties.
Prince Charles is known for championing environmentally friendly products, but the queen is quietly also big on eco-fare. She uses a number of green warrant-holders including Delphis Eco, which provides environmentally friendly cleaning products, and Agri-cycle, which uses agricultural waste such as spray cans, fertilizer bags, and shrink wrap and recycles it into furniture, flooring, and containers.
Quotations:
"The lessons from the peace process are clear; whatever life throws at us, our individual responses will be all the stronger for working together and sharing the load."
"At its heart, engineering is about using science to find creative, practical solutions. It is a noble profession."
"I know of no single formula for success. But over the years I have observed that some attributes of leadership are universal and are often about finding ways of encouraging people to combine their efforts, their talents, their insights, their enthusiasm and their inspiration to work together."
"We lost the American colonies because we lacked the statesmanship to know the right time and the manner of yielding what is impossible to keep."
"What were once only hopes for the future have now come to pass; it is almost exactly 13 years since the overwhelming majority of people in Ireland and Northern Ireland voted in favour of the agreement signed on Good Friday 1998, paving the way for Northern Ireland to become the exciting and inspirational place that it is today."
"At Christmas, I am always struck by how the spirit of togetherness lies also at the heart of the Christmas story. A young mother and a dutiful father with their baby were joined by poor shepherds and visitors from afar. They came with their gifts to worship the Christ child."
"I have to be seen to be believed."
"I myself prefer my New Zealand eggs for breakfast."
"The British constitution has always been puzzling and always will be."
"Like all best families, we have our share of eccentricities, of impetuous and wayward youngsters and of family disagreements."
Personality
Much of what is known about Elizabeth's personality and views has been compiled from impressions and descriptions by those she has met. Canadian politician Michael Ignatieff remarked in 2010, after a private audience with the Queen, how he was struck by her "wonderful sense of the absurd" and noted her "sense of humour, that sense of the absurd, that sense of comedy of life has survived 60 years of gruelling public life." After a weekend at Balmoral Castle hosted by the Queen, Canadian Governor General Michaëlle Jean recounted witnessing a relaxed, informal home life: Elizabeth and her family preparing a meal together—including a salad dressing devised by the Queen—and doing the washing up afterwards. Lady Pamela Hicks, a cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, commented on Elizabeth's personality as "individualistic". Hicks's mother remembers back to when George VI died. Elizabeth was in Kenya with her husband when she found out; "I’m so sorry, but we are going to have to go back to England," she recalled Elizabeth saying.
Her favourite country to visit has always been Australia. Her favourite county is Norfolk whose residents – good, simple, loyal folk – she compares to Australians.
Physical Characteristics:
Height: 163 cm (5 ft 4)
Eye color: Blue
Hair Color: Grey
Quotes from others about the person
"The present Queen has always been greatly loved."
Bernard Levin, "Uneasy Lies the Head", The Times, 23 January 1989.
"So I went to the top lady. And I was sobbing and I said, ‘What do I do? I'm coming to you. What do I do?’... And she said, ‘I don't know what you should do. Charles is hopeless.’ And that was it. That was help! So I didn't go back to her again for help because I don't go back again if I don't get it the first time, right."
Diana, Princess of Wales to voice coach Peter Settelen in 1992, as quoted in Tapes reveal more from Princess Diana: NBC News exclusive: Inside the life of the late icon, NBC News, November 30, 2004
"Your Majesty, during Your Reign, which commenced in an African country only a little distance to the South, You have carried forward gloriously the traditions of Your lineage and brought new honour to the Throne which You occupy. Your Majesty personally enjoys today the respect, the admiration and the affection of all peoples to whom Britain serves as the symbol of indomitability in adversity, of courage when confronted by danger, of dignity and resolve when threatened with defeat, and of magnanimity and generosity in victory."
Haile Selassie, Visit of Queen Elizabeth II, Monday, February 01, 1965
Interests
Privately, she became a keen horsewoman; she keeps racehorses, frequently attends races, and periodically visits the Kentucky stud farms in the United States.
This monarch is particularly fond of dogs and loves to read mystery novels and, during her leisure time, watches wrestling on television.
Writers
Her favourite book when a child was the famous pony story Moorland Mousie.
Her favourite magazines in the 1980s were Country Life, Harpers & Queen and the Radio Times.
Her favourite author is not, as widely reported, Dick Francis but that saucy chronicler of the country set Jilly Cooper.
Sport & Clubs
Horse racing
Music & Bands
Her favourite Sixties singers were Petula Clark, Sammy Davis Jnr and Matt "Born Free" Munro. Apart from John Lennon, her least favourite singer of all time was the simpering French crooner Maurice Chevalier.
Connections
Elizabeth got married to Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, her second cousin once removed through King Christian IX of Denmark and third cousin through Queen Victoria, on 20 November 1947 at Westminster Abbey.
Her first son, Prince Charles was born on 14 November, 1948 and, a couple of years later, she also gave birth to Princess Anne. Prince Andrew was born in 1960 while Prince Edward, her fourth child, was born in 1964.
In 1969, she declared Prince Charles her successor and bestowed upon him, the title of Prince of Wales. Prince Charles got married to 19-year-old Diana Spencer in 1981.