Elon Musk with his roommate Navaid Farooq in their dorm at Queen’s University in Ontario, 1990.
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Young Elon Musk
Career
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2000
Palo Alto, California, United States
PayPal Chief Executive Officer Peter Thiel left, and founder Elon Musk, right, pose with the PayPal logo at corporate headquarters in Palo Alto, California, on October 20, 2000.
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2010
Cape Canaveral, Florida, United States
Elon Musk inside part of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, in Cape Canaveral, Florida, 2010.
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2012
National Press Club, Washington, D.C., United States
Elon Musk, CEO of Space Exploration Technologies Corp, pauses while speaking during a news conference at the National Press Club on April 5, 2011, in Washington, DC. Elon Musk, CEO of Space Exploration Technologies Corp (SpaceX) and Tesla Motors, held the news conference to announce SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket which could complete missions to the International Space Station and Moon and should be ready for use by the end of 2012.
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2013
New York Times Building, New York City,New York, United States
Journalist Andrew Ross Sorkin (L) and Elon Musk participated in a discussion at the New York Times 2013 DealBook Conference in New York at the New York Times Building on November 12, 2013, in New York City.
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2014
Hawthorne, California, United States
Elon Musk unveils the company's new manned spacecraft, The Dragon V2, designed to carry astronauts into space during a news conference on May 29, 2014, in Hawthorne, California. The private spaceflight company has been flying unmanned capsules to the Space Station delivering cargo for the past two years. The Dragon V2 manned spacecraft will ferry up to seven astronauts to low-Earth orbit.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2014
Washington, D.C., United States
Elon Musk participates in a discussion during the 2014 annual conference of the Export-Import Bank (EXIM) on April 25, 2014, in Washington, DC.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2014
Hawthorne, California, USA
Musk, left, with guests inside the Manned Dragon V2 Space Taxi in Hawthorne, California, in May 2014. NASA tapped Boeing and SpaceX to carry astronauts to the International Space Station, the first time the U.S. went outside the government to send humans into orbit.
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2015
Hawthorne, California, United States
SpaceX employees with the Dragon capsule at SpaceX HQ in Hawthorne, California, February 2015.
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2016
Guadalajara, Mexico
Elon Musk speaks about the Interplanetary Transport System which aims to reach Mars with the first human crew in history, in the conference given by Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk during the 67th International Astronautical Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico on September 27, 2016.
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2017
International Astronautical Congress, Adelaide, Australia
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk speaks at the International Astronautical Congress on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Musk detailed the long-term technical challenges that need to be solved in order to support the creation of a permanent, self-sustaining human presence on Mars.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2017
International Astronautical Congress, Adelaide, Australia
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk speaks at the International Astronautical Congress on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Musk detailed the long-term technical challenges that need to be solved in order to support the creation of a permanent, self-sustaining human presence on Mars.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2017
International Space Station
The Dragon cargo craft is seen attached to the Harmony module of the International Space Station after its arrival on December 17, 2017.
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2017
Hawthorne, California, United States
Elon Musk congratulates teams competing on the Hyperloop Pod Competition II at SpaceX’s Hyperloop track in Hawthorne, California.
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2018
Hawthorne, California, United States
Elon Musk (L) speaks on stage with Yusaka Maezawa (R), the Japanese billionaire chosen by the company to fly around the moon, as they sit at SpaceX headquarters on September 17, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. If the project is successful, Maezawa would become the first private citizen to fly around the moon.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
Hawthorne, California, United States
Members of the news media look at the Crew Dragon spacecraft, under construction in a clean room, during a media tour of SpaceX headquarters and rocket factory on August 13, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX plans to use the spaceship Crew Dragon, a passenger version of the robotic Dragon cargo ship, to carry NASA astronauts to the International Space Station for the first time since the Space Shuttle program was retired in 2011.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
Hawthorne, California, United States
A spacesuit designed for use on the Crew Dragon spacecraft is seen during a media tour of SpaceX headquarters and rocket factory on August 13, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX plans to use the spaceship Crew Dragon, a passenger version of the robotic Dragon cargo ship, to carry NASA astronauts to the International Space Station for the first time since the Space Shuttle program was retired in 2011.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
A cherry red Tesla roadster car, also manufactured by Elon Musk, is sent into space with a dummy driver - ‘Starman’ - on February 7, 2018.
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2018
Cape Canaveral, Florida, United States
Elon Musk with Falcon Heavy rocket at Launch Pad 39A in Cape Canaveral on February 5, 2018.
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2020
Elon Musk
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Kanye West, Elon Musk, Travis Scott, and Quavo
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Elon Musk
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Elon Musk and Amber Heard
Gallery of Elon Musk
2012
Manhattan, New York, United States
SolarCity co-founder and COO Peter Rive, SolarCity chairman and Tesla CEO Elon Musk and SolarCity founder and CEO Lyndon Rive speak at the company's IPO at the NASDAQ stock exchange on December 13, 2012, in Manhattan, New York.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2008
San Carlos, California, United States
California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (R) and Tesla Motors Product Architect and Engineer Elon Musk look at a Tesla Roadster before a news conference on June 30, 2008, at Tesla Motors in San Carlos, California. Governor Schwarzenegger announced that the electric car company Tesla Motors will build a new manufacturing facility in California to manufacture its all-electric Tesla Roadster.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2010
Cobo Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States
Elon Musk, Chairman, Product Architect and CEO, Tesla Motors, talks about the Model S electric vehicle during the press preview for the world automotive press at North American International Auto Show in Cobo Center January 12, 2010, in Detroit, Michigan.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2010
New York City, New York, United States
Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla Motors, poses with a Tesla car in front of Nasdaq following the electric automakerís initial public offering on June 29, 2010, in New York.
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2010
New York City, New York, United States
Musk participates in Nasdaq's opening-bell ceremony in New York, on June 29, 2010, to celebrate Tesla's initial public offering. Tesla became the first car company to go public in half a century.
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2012
Fremont, California, United States
Elon Musk, center, with CTO J.B. Straubel, left, and Chief Designer Franz von Holzhausen watch as Tesla launched the Model S, at their factory in Fremont, California, on Friday, June 22, 2012.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2014
Carson City, Nevada, United States
Elon Musk is introduced by Governor Brian Sandoval of Nevada during a press conference at the Nevada State Capitol, September 4, 2014, in Carson City, Nevada. Musk and Sandoval announced a plan to build a Tesla Gigafactory in Nevada to produce batteries for electric vehicles providing 6,500 jobs to the state.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2015
Fremont, California, United States
Elon Musk steps out of the new Tesla Model X during an event to launch the company's new crossover SUV on September 29, 2015, in Fremont, California. After several production delays, Elon Musk officially launched the much anticipated Tesla Model X Crossover SUV.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2015
Tesla Design Studio, Hawthorne, California, United States
Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, with a Powerpack system in the background unveils suite of batteries for homes, businesses, and utilities at the Tesla Design Studio on April 30, 2015, in Hawthorne, California. Musk unveiled the home battery named Powerwall with a selling price of $3500 for 10kWh and $3000 for 7kWh and a very large utility pack called Powerpack.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2015
Detroit, Michigan, United States
Elon Musk, co-founder and CEO of Tesla Motors, speaks at the 2015 Automotive News World Congress on January 13, 2015, in Detroit, Michigan.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2015
Fremont, California, United States
Elon Musk unveils the Model X at a launch event in Fremont, California on September 29, 2015. The Tesla Motors X is an all-wheel-drive SUV featuring a 90 kWh battery providing 250 miles of range and will be able to go from 0 to 60 mph in 3.2 seconds.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2015
Park City, Utah, United States
CEO and Chief Product Architect of Tesla Motors, Elon Musk shows of his throwback t-shirt of the "Tesla" heavy metal band on January 24, 2015, in Park City, Utah.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2017
Hornsdale Wind Farm, Adelaide, Australia
Elon Musk during his presentation during the Tesla Powerpack Launch Event at Hornsdale Wind Farm on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Tesla will build the world's largest lithium-ion battery after coming to an agreement with the South Australian government. The Powerpack project will be capable of an output of 100 megawatts (MW) of power at a time and the huge battery will be able to store 129-megawatt hours (MWh) of energy. Tesla CEO Elon Musk has promised to build the Powerpack in 100 days, or he will deliver it for free.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
Los Angeles, California, United States
Elon Musk and Steve Davis of the Boring Co. took their transit concepts to a live audience of Los Angeles residents.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
Elon Musk and Hawthorne Mayor Alex Vargas inside of The Boring Co. tunnel entrance.
Gallery of Elon Musk
2017
9390 N Santa Monica Blvd, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, United States
Maye Musk (L) and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk attend the 2017 Vanity Fair Oscar Party hosted by Graydon Carter at Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts on February 26, 2017, in Beverly Hills, California. (Photo by C Flanigan)
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
1000 5th Ave, New York, NY 10028, United States
Grimes and Elon Musk attends the Heavenly Bodies: Fashion & The Catholic Imagination Costume Institute Gala at The Metropolitan Museum of Art on May 7, 2018, in New York City. (Photo by John Shearer)
Gallery of Elon Musk
2018
1000 5th Ave, New York, NY 10028, United States
Elon Musk attends Heavenly Bodies: Fashion & The Catholic Imagination Costume Institute Gala at the Metropolitan Museum of Art on May 7, 2018, in New York City. (Photo by Steven Ferdman)
PayPal Chief Executive Officer Peter Thiel left, and founder Elon Musk, right, pose with the PayPal logo at corporate headquarters in Palo Alto, California, on October 20, 2000.
California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (R) and Tesla Motors Product Architect and Engineer Elon Musk look at a Tesla Roadster before a news conference on June 30, 2008, at Tesla Motors in San Carlos, California. Governor Schwarzenegger announced that the electric car company Tesla Motors will build a new manufacturing facility in California to manufacture its all-electric Tesla Roadster.
Elon Musk, Chairman, Product Architect and CEO, Tesla Motors, talks about the Model S electric vehicle during the press preview for the world automotive press at North American International Auto Show in Cobo Center January 12, 2010, in Detroit, Michigan.
Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla Motors, poses with a Tesla car in front of Nasdaq following the electric automakerís initial public offering on June 29, 2010, in New York.
Musk participates in Nasdaq's opening-bell ceremony in New York, on June 29, 2010, to celebrate Tesla's initial public offering. Tesla became the first car company to go public in half a century.
Deborah Needleman and Elon Musk attend the 2011 WSJ Magazine Innovator of the Year Awards at the Museum of Modern Art on October 27, 2011, in New York City.
AMC Lowes Village, New York City, New York, United States
Director Bryn Mooser, executive producer Elon Musk, executive producer Olivia Wilde and director David Darg of the film 'Baseball in the Time of Cholera' attend "Help Wanted" Shorts Program during the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival at the AMC Lowes Village on April 21, 2012, in New York City.
National Press Club, Washington, D.C., United States
Elon Musk, CEO of Space Exploration Technologies Corp, pauses while speaking during a news conference at the National Press Club on April 5, 2011, in Washington, DC. Elon Musk, CEO of Space Exploration Technologies Corp (SpaceX) and Tesla Motors, held the news conference to announce SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket which could complete missions to the International Space Station and Moon and should be ready for use by the end of 2012.
Elon Musk, center, with CTO J.B. Straubel, left, and Chief Designer Franz von Holzhausen watch as Tesla launched the Model S, at their factory in Fremont, California, on Friday, June 22, 2012.
SolarCity co-founder and COO Peter Rive, SolarCity chairman and Tesla CEO Elon Musk and SolarCity founder and CEO Lyndon Rive speak at the company's IPO at the NASDAQ stock exchange on December 13, 2012, in Manhattan, New York.
New York Times Building, New York City,New York, United States
Journalist Andrew Ross Sorkin (L) and Elon Musk participated in a discussion at the New York Times 2013 DealBook Conference in New York at the New York Times Building on November 12, 2013, in New York City.
NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, California, United States
Presenters Kate Beckinsale (L) and Elon Musk speak onstage during the Breakthrough Prize Awards Ceremony Hosted By Seth MacFarlane at NASA Ames Research Center on November 9, 2014, in Mountain View, California.
Elon Musk is introduced by Governor Brian Sandoval of Nevada during a press conference at the Nevada State Capitol, September 4, 2014, in Carson City, Nevada. Musk and Sandoval announced a plan to build a Tesla Gigafactory in Nevada to produce batteries for electric vehicles providing 6,500 jobs to the state.
Elon Musk unveils the company's new manned spacecraft, The Dragon V2, designed to carry astronauts into space during a news conference on May 29, 2014, in Hawthorne, California. The private spaceflight company has been flying unmanned capsules to the Space Station delivering cargo for the past two years. The Dragon V2 manned spacecraft will ferry up to seven astronauts to low-Earth orbit.
Musk, left, with guests inside the Manned Dragon V2 Space Taxi in Hawthorne, California, in May 2014. NASA tapped Boeing and SpaceX to carry astronauts to the International Space Station, the first time the U.S. went outside the government to send humans into orbit.
Hollywood Blvd, Hollywood, California, United States
Elon Musk, director Jon Favreau, and comedian Russell Peters attend the after party for the World Premiere of “Star Wars: The Force Awakens” on Hollywood Blvd on December 14, 2015, in Hollywood, California.
Playboy Mansion, Los Angeles, California, United States
Businessman/inventor Elon Musk, entrepreneur Sean Parker, and actress Talulah Riley attend the annual Halloween Party, hosted by Playboy and Hugh Hefner, at the Playboy Mansion on October 24, 2015, in Los Angeles, California.
Elon Musk, Y Combinator President Sam Altman and The New York Times Financial Columnist Andrew Ross Sorkin speak onstage during "What Will They Think of Next? Talking About Innovation" at the Vanity Fair New Establishment Summit at Yerba Buena Center for the Arts on October 6, 2015, in San Francisco, California.
Elon Musk steps out of the new Tesla Model X during an event to launch the company's new crossover SUV on September 29, 2015, in Fremont, California. After several production delays, Elon Musk officially launched the much anticipated Tesla Model X Crossover SUV.
Elon Musk, CEO and CTO of SpaceX, CEO and product architect of Tesla Motors, and chairman of SolarCity, and his wife Talulah Riley attend the Allen & Company Sun Valley Conference on July 8, 2015, in Sun Valley, Idaho. Many of the world's wealthiest and most powerful business people from media, finance, and technology attend the annual week-long conference which is in its 33rd year.
Elon Musk (L), Francois-Henri Pinault and Salma Hayek (5th from L) attend "The Art Of Behind The Scenes Jaeger-LeCoultre And Finch & Partners" party at Hotel du Cap-Eden-Roc on May 15, 2015, in Cap d'Antibes, France.
Tesla Design Studio, Hawthorne, California, United States
Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, with a Powerpack system in the background unveils suite of batteries for homes, businesses, and utilities at the Tesla Design Studio on April 30, 2015, in Hawthorne, California. Musk unveiled the home battery named Powerwall with a selling price of $3500 for 10kWh and $3000 for 7kWh and a very large utility pack called Powerpack.
Elon Musk unveils the Model X at a launch event in Fremont, California on September 29, 2015. The Tesla Motors X is an all-wheel-drive SUV featuring a 90 kWh battery providing 250 miles of range and will be able to go from 0 to 60 mph in 3.2 seconds.
CEO and Chief Product Architect of Tesla Motors, Elon Musk shows of his throwback t-shirt of the "Tesla" heavy metal band on January 24, 2015, in Park City, Utah.
9876 Wilshire Blvd, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, United States
Elon Musk and actress Kate Hudson attend The 2016 InStyle and Warner Bros. 73rd annual Golden Globe Awards Post-Party at The Beverly Hilton Hotel on January 10, 2016, in Beverly Hills, California.
Elon Musk speaks about the Interplanetary Transport System which aims to reach Mars with the first human crew in history, in the conference given by Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk during the 67th International Astronautical Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico on September 27, 2016.
Elon Musk during his presentation during the Tesla Powerpack Launch Event at Hornsdale Wind Farm on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Tesla will build the world's largest lithium-ion battery after coming to an agreement with the South Australian government. The Powerpack project will be capable of an output of 100 megawatts (MW) of power at a time and the huge battery will be able to store 129-megawatt hours (MWh) of energy. Tesla CEO Elon Musk has promised to build the Powerpack in 100 days, or he will deliver it for free.
International Astronautical Congress, Adelaide, Australia
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk speaks at the International Astronautical Congress on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Musk detailed the long-term technical challenges that need to be solved in order to support the creation of a permanent, self-sustaining human presence on Mars.
International Astronautical Congress, Adelaide, Australia
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk speaks at the International Astronautical Congress on September 29, 2017, in Adelaide, Australia. Musk detailed the long-term technical challenges that need to be solved in order to support the creation of a permanent, self-sustaining human presence on Mars.
Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts, Beverly Hills, California, United States
Maye Musk (L) and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk attend the 2017 Vanity Fair Oscar Party hosted by Graydon Carter at Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts on February 26, 2017, in Beverly Hills, California.
Trump Tower, New York City, New York, United States
Entrepreneur Elon Musk arrives at Trump Tower, January 6, 2017, in New York City. President-elect Donald Trump and his transition team are in the process of filling cabinet and other high-level positions for the new administration.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (R) and Elon Musk pose with a book by Erdogan with the title 'The Vision of New Turkey - The World is Bigger Than Five' during a meeting in Ankara on November 8, 2017.
President Trump talks with Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk, center, and White House chief strategist Steve Bannon during a meeting with business leaders in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, February 3, 2017.
9390 N Santa Monica Blvd, Beverly Hills, CA 90210, United States
Maye Musk (L) and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk attend the 2017 Vanity Fair Oscar Party hosted by Graydon Carter at Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts on February 26, 2017, in Beverly Hills, California. (Photo by C Flanigan)
Elon Musk (L) speaks on stage with Yusaka Maezawa (R), the Japanese billionaire chosen by the company to fly around the moon, as they sit at SpaceX headquarters on September 17, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. If the project is successful, Maezawa would become the first private citizen to fly around the moon.
Members of the news media look at the Crew Dragon spacecraft, under construction in a clean room, during a media tour of SpaceX headquarters and rocket factory on August 13, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX plans to use the spaceship Crew Dragon, a passenger version of the robotic Dragon cargo ship, to carry NASA astronauts to the International Space Station for the first time since the Space Shuttle program was retired in 2011.
A spacesuit designed for use on the Crew Dragon spacecraft is seen during a media tour of SpaceX headquarters and rocket factory on August 13, 2018, in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX plans to use the spaceship Crew Dragon, a passenger version of the robotic Dragon cargo ship, to carry NASA astronauts to the International Space Station for the first time since the Space Shuttle program was retired in 2011.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, New York, United States
Elon Musk and Grimes attend the Heavenly Bodies: Fashion & The Catholic Imagination Costume Institute Gala at The Metropolitan Museum of Art on May 7, 2018, in New York City.
Marc Benioff, Darren Aronofsky, St. Vincent, Guy Oseary and Elon Musk attend the Sound Ventures "The Party" at Hotel Van Zandt on March 10, 2018, in Austin, Texas.
Grimes and Elon Musk attends the Heavenly Bodies: Fashion & The Catholic Imagination Costume Institute Gala at The Metropolitan Museum of Art on May 7, 2018, in New York City. (Photo by John Shearer)
Elon Musk attends Heavenly Bodies: Fashion & The Catholic Imagination Costume Institute Gala at the Metropolitan Museum of Art on May 7, 2018, in New York City. (Photo by Steven Ferdman)
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Elon Reeve Musk is a business magnate and investor. He holds South African, Canadian, and American citizenship and is the founder, CEO, and lead designer of SpaceX; co-founder, CEO, and product architect of Tesla, Inc.; co-founder and CEO of Neuralink; and co-founder of PayPal.
Background
Ethnicity:
Elon's paternal grandmother was British, and he also has Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry.
Musk was born on June 28, 1971, in Pretoria, Transvaal, South Africa, the son of Maye, a model from Regina, Canada; and Errol Musk, a South African-born electromechanical engineer. He has a younger brother, Kimbal (born 1972), and a younger sister, Tosca (born 1974). His paternal grandmother was British, and he also has Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry. After his parents divorced in 1980, Musk lived mostly with his father in locations in South Africa.
Education
During his childhood, Musk was an avid reader. At age 10, he developed an interest in computing with the Commodore VIC-20. He taught himself computer programming at the age of 10, and by the age of 12 sold the code of a BASIC-based video game he created called Blastar, to a magazine called PC and Office Technology, for approximately $500. A web version of the game is available online. His childhood reading included Isaac Asimov's Foundation series from which he drew the lesson that "you should try to take the set of actions that are likely to prolong civilization, minimize the probability of a dark age and reduce the length of a dark age if there is one."
Musk was severely bullied throughout his childhood and was once hospitalized when a group of boys threw him down a flight of stairs and then beat him until he lost consciousness.
Musk attended Waterkloof House Preparatory School, and Bryanston High School before graduating from Pretoria Boys High School. Though Musk's father insisted that Elon go to college in Pretoria, Musk became determined to move to the United States. As he states, "I remember thinking and seeing that America is where great things are possible, more than any other country in the world." Knowing it would be easy to get to the United States from Canada, he moved to Canada against his father's wishes in June 1989, just before his 18th birthday, after obtaining a Canadian passport through his Canadian-born mother.
Musk attended Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario, and in 1992 he transferred to the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. He graduated with an undergraduate degree in economics and stayed for a second bachelor’s degree in physics. He enrolled in graduate school in physics at Stanford University in California, but he left after only two days because he felt that the Internet had much more potential to change society than work in physics.
In 1995, Musk and his brother, Kimbal, started Zip2, a web software company, with money raised from a small group of angel investors. The company developed and marketed an Internet "city guide" for the newspaper publishing industry.
In 1999, Musk co-founded X.com, an online financial services/payments company. An X.com acquisition the following year led to the creation of PayPal as it is known today, and in October 2002, PayPal was acquired by eBay for $1.5 billion in stock. Before the sale, Musk owned 11 percent of PayPal stock.
Musk founded his third company, Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, or SpaceX, in 2002 with the intention of building spacecraft for commercial space travel. By 2008, SpaceX was well established, and NASA awarded the company the contract to handle cargo transport for the International Space Station - with plans for astronaut transport in the future - in a move to replace NASA’s own space shuttle missions.
On May 22, 2012, Musk and SpaceX made history when the company launched its Falcon 9 rocket into space with an unmanned capsule. The vehicle was sent to the International Space Station with 1,000 pounds of supplies for the astronauts stationed there, marking the first time a private company had sent a spacecraft to the International Space Station. Of the launch, Musk was quoted as saying, "I feel very lucky... For us, it's like winning the Super Bowl."
In December 2013, a Falcon 9 successfully carried a satellite to geosynchronous transfer orbit, a distance at which the satellite would lock into an orbital path that matched the Earth's rotation. In February 2015, SpaceX launched another Falcon 9 fitted with the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite, aiming to observe the extreme emissions from the sun that affect power grids and communications systems on Earth.
In March 2017, SpaceX saw the successful test flight and landing of a Falcon 9 rocket made from reusable parts, a development that opened the door for more affordable space travel. A setback came in November 2017, when an explosion occurred during a test of the company's new Block 5 Merlin engine. SpaceX reported that no one was hurt and that the issue would not hamper its planned rollout of a future generation of Falcon 9 rockets.
The company enjoyed another milestone moment in February 2018 with the successful test launch of the powerful Falcon Heavy rocket. Armed with additional Falcon 9 boosters, the Falcon Heavy was designed to carry immense payloads into orbit and potentially serve as a vessel for deep space missions. For the test launch, the Falcon Heavy was given a payload of Musk's cherry-red Tesla Roadster, equipped with cameras to "provide some epic views" for the vehicle's planned orbit around the sun.
In September 2017, Musk presented an updated design plan for his BFR (an acronym for either "Big F---ing Rocket" or "Big Falcon Rocket"), a 31-engine behemoth topped by a spaceship capable of carrying at least 100 people. He revealed that SpaceX was aiming to launch the first cargo missions to Mars with the vehicle in 2022, as part of his overarching goal of colonizing the Red Planet.
In March 2018, the entrepreneur told an audience at the annual South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas, that he hoped to have the BFR ready for short flights early the following year while delivering a knowing nod at his previous problems with meeting deadlines.
In late March 2018, SpaceX received permission from the U.S. government to launch a fleet of satellites into low orbit for the purpose of providing Internet service. Ideally, the system would make broadband service more accessible for people in rural areas, while also boosting competition in heavily populated markets that are typically dominated by one or two providers. Critics countered that such a system would present a safety hazard with the skies above us cluttered by debris.
Elon Musk is also the co-founder, CEO and product architect at Tesla Motors, a company dedicated to producing affordable, mass-market electric cars as well as battery products and solar roofs. Musk oversees all product development, engineering, and design of the company's products.
Five years after its formation, in 2008, the company unveiled the Roadster, a sports car capable of accelerating from 0 to 60 mph in 3.7 seconds, as well traveling nearly 250 miles between charges of its lithium-ion battery. With a stake in the company taken by Daimler and a strategic partnership with Toyota, Tesla Motors launched its initial public offering in June 2010, raising $226 million.
In April 2017, Tesla announced that it surpassed General Motors to become the most valuable U.S. carmaker. The news was an obvious boon to Tesla, which was looking to ramp up production and release its Model 3 sedan later that year. In November, Musk made another splash with the unveiling of the new Tesla Semi and Roadster at the company's design studio. The semi-truck, which enters into production in 2019, boasts 500 miles of range as well as a battery and motors built to last 1 million miles. The Roadster, set to follow in 2020, will become the fastest production car ever made with its 0 to 60 time of 1.9 seconds.
After initially aiming to produce 5,000 new Model 3 cars per week by December 2017, Musk pushed that goal back to March 2018, and then to June with the start of the new year. The announced delay didn't surprise industry experts, who were well aware of the company's production problems, though some questioned how long investors would remain patient with the process. It also didn't prevent Musk from garnering a radical new compensation package as CEO, in which he would be paid after reaching milestones of growing valuation based on $50 billion increments.
By April 2018, with Tesla expected to fall short of first-quarter production forecasts, news surfaced that Musk had pushed aside the head of engineering to personally oversee efforts in that division. In a Twitter exchange with a reporter, Musk said it was important to "divide and conquer" to meet production goals and was "back to sleeping at the factory."
In August 2013, Elon Musk released a concept for a new form of transportation called the "Hyperloop," an invention that would foster commuting between major cities while severely cutting travel time. Ideally resistant to weather and powered by renewable energy, the Hyperloop would propel riders in pods through a network of low-pressure tubes at speeds reaching more than 700 mph. Musk noted that the Hyperloop could take from seven to 10 years to be built and ready for use.
Although he introduced the Hyperloop with claims that it would be safer than a plane or train, with an estimated cost of $6 billion - approximately one-tenth of the cost for the rail system planned by the state of California - Musk's concept has drawn skepticism. Nevertheless, the entrepreneur has sought to encourage the development of this idea. After he announced a competition for teams to submit their designs for a Hyperloop pod prototype, the first Hyperloop Pod Competition was held at the SpaceX facility in January 2017.
In August 2016, in Musk’s continuing effort to promote and advance sustainable energy and products for a wider consumer base, a $2.6 billion dollar deal was solidified to combine his electric car and solar energy companies. His Tesla Motors Inc. announced an all-stock deal purchase of SolarCity Corp., a company Musk had helped his cousins start in 2006. He is a majority shareholder in each entity.
"Solar and storage are at their best when they're combined. As one company, Tesla (storage) and SolarCity (solar) can create fully integrated residential, commercial and grid-scale products that improve the way that energy is generated, stored and consumed," read a statement on Tesla’s website about the deal.
Elon Musk has pursued an interest in Artificial Intelligence, becoming co-chair of the nonprofit OpenAI. The research company launched in late 2015 with the stated mission of advancing digital intelligence to benefit humanity. In 2017, it was also revealed that Musk was backing a venture called Neuralink, which intends to create devices to be implanted in the human brain and help people merge with software.
In yet another innovation, in January 2017 Elon Musk suddenly decided he was going find a way to reduce traffic by devoting resources to boring and building tunnels. He launched his venture, named "The Boring Company," with a test dig on the SpaceX property in Los Angeles. In late October, Musk posted the first photo of his company's progress to his Instagram page. He said the 500-foot tunnel, which would generally run parallel to Interstate 405, would reach a length of two miles in approximately four months.
The entrepreneur also reportedly found a market for the Boring Company's flamethrowers; after announcing they were going on sale for $500 apiece in late January 2018, he claimed to have sold 10,000 of them within a day.
In late November 2017, after Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel asked for proposals to build and operate a high-speed rail line that would transport passengers from O'Hare Airport to downtown Chicago in 20 minutes or less, Musk tweeted that he was all-in on the competition with his Boring Company. He said that the concept of the Chicago loop would be different from his Hyperloop, its relatively short route not requiring the need for drawing a vacuum to eliminate air friction. In May The Boring Company 2019 landed a $48.7 million contract from the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority to build an underground Loop system to shuttle people around the Las Vegas Convention Center.
In March 2019, Musk unveiled Tesla’s long-awaited Model Y. The compact crossover, expected for release in 2020, will have a driving range of 300 miles and a 0 to 60 mph of as little as 3.5 seconds. The Roadster, also set to be released in 2020, will become the fastest production car ever made, with a 0 to 60 time of 1.9 seconds.
As of April 2020, Elon Musk has a net worth of $31.8 billion and he was listed by Forbes as the 20th-richest person in the world. Inc Magazine Entrepreneur of the Year award for 2007 for his work on Tesla and SpaceX. He was named as one of the 75 most influential people of the 21st century by Esquire magazine. Recognized as a Living Legend of Aviation in 2010 by the Kitty Hawk Foundation for creating the successor to the Space Shuttle (Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon spacecraft). Other recipients include Buzz Aldrin and Richard Branson. In February 2011, Forbes listed Musk as one of "America's 20 Most Powerful CEOs 40 And Under."
In 2013, Musk was named the Fortune Businessperson of the year for SpaceX, SolarCity, and Tesla. In June 2016, Business Insider named Musk one of the "Top 10 Business Visionaries Creating Value for the World" along with Mark Zuckerberg and Sal Khan. Musk was ranked 25th on Forbes’ 2018 list of the world’s most powerful people.
(Leonard and Sheldon are brilliant physicists - geniuses i...)
2016
Religion
When asked whether he believed "there was some kind of destiny involved" in humanity's transition to a multi-planetary species, rather than "just physics," Musk responded: "Well, I do. Do I think that there's some sort of master intelligence architecting all of this stuff? I think probably not because then you have to say: "Where does the master intelligence come from?" So it sort of begs the question. So I think really you can explain this with the fundamental laws of physics. You know it's complex phenomenon from simple elements."
Musk has stated that he does not pray, or worship any being, although previously admitted to praying before an important Falcon 1 launch, asking "any entities that [were] listening" to "bless [the] launch." When asked whether he believed "religion and science could co-exist," Musk replied "probably not."
Politics
Politically, Musk has described himself as "half Democrat, half Republican." In his own words: "I'm somewhere in the middle, socially liberal and fiscally conservative." Prompted by the emergence of self-driving cars and artificial intelligence, Musk has voiced support for a universal basic income; he additionally backs direct democracy. He has described himself as a socialist, but "not the kind that shifts resources from most productive to least productive, pretending to do good, while actually causing harm" - arguing instead, "true socialism seeks greatest good for all." He supports targeting an inclusive tax rate of 40%, prefers consumption taxes to income taxes, and supports the estate tax, as the "probability of progeny being equally excellent at capital allocation is not high."
Musk has described the United States as "[inarguably] the greatest country that has ever existed on Earth," describing it as "the greatest force for good of any country that's ever been." Musk believes outright that there "would not be democracy in the world if not for the United States," arguing there were "three separate occasions in the 20th-century where democracy would have fallen with World War I, World War II and the Cold War, if not for the United States." Musk also stated that he thinks "it would be a mistake to say the United States is perfect, it certainly is not. There have been many foolish things the United States has done and bad things the United States has done."
Prior to the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, Musk criticized candidate Trump by saying: "I feel a bit stronger that he is probably not the right guy. He doesn't seem to have the sort of character that reflects well on the United States." Following Donald Trump's inauguration, Musk expressed approval of Trump's choice of Rex Tillerson as Secretary of State and accepted an invitation to appear on a panel advising President Trump. Regarding his cooperation with Trump, Musk has subsequently commented: "The more voices of reason that the President hears, the better." He subsequently resigned from both in June 2017, in protest at Trump's decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement on climate change.
Views
Although Musk believes "there is a good chance that there is simple life on other planets," he "questions whether there is other intelligent life in the known universe." Musk later clarified his "hope that there is other intelligent life in the known universe," and stated that it is "probably more likely than not, but that's a complete guess."
Musk has also considered the simulation hypothesis as a potential solution to the Fermi paradox: "The absence of any noticeable life may be an argument in favor of us being in a simulation... Like when you're playing an adventure game, and you can see the stars in the background, but you can't ever get there. If it's not a simulation, then maybe we're in a lab and there's some advanced alien civilization that's just watching how we develop, out of curiosity, like mold in a petri dish... If you look at our current technology level, something strange has to happen to civilizations, and I mean strange in a bad way... And it could be that there are a whole lot of dead, one-planet civilizations."
Despite this, Musk has previously invested in DeepMind, an AI firm, and Vicarious, a company working to improve machine intelligence. In January 2015, he donated $10 million to the Future of Life Institute, an organization focused on challenges posed by advanced technologies. He is the co-chairman of OpenAI, a nonprofit artificial intelligence research company.
Musk has said that his investments are, "not from the standpoint of actually trying to make any investment return... I like to just keep an eye on what's going on with artificial intelligence." Musk continued, "There have been movies about this, you know, like Terminator - there are some scary outcomes. And we should try to make sure the outcomes are good, not bad."
In June 2016, Musk was asked whether he thinks humans live in a computer simulation, to which he answered: "The strongest argument for us probably being in a simulation I think is the following: 40 years ago we had Pong - two rectangles and a dot. That's where we were. Now 40 years later we have photorealistic, 3D simulations with millions of people playing simultaneously and it's getting better every year. And soon we'll have virtual reality, we'll have augmented reality. If you assume any rate of improvement at all, then the games will become indistinguishable from reality, just indistinguishable."
Elon Musk's dark warnings over Artificial Intelligence have brought him some controversy. He and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg have clashed with the latter terming his warnings "irresponsible." Musk responded to Zuckerberg's censure by saying that he had discussed AI with Zuckerberg and found him to have only a "limited understanding" of the subject. In 2014 Slate's Adam Elkus argued "our 'smartest' AI is about as intelligent as a toddler - and only when it comes to instrumental tasks like information recall. Most roboticists are still trying to get a robot hand to pick up a ball or run around without falling over." Elkus goes on to argue that Musk's "summoning the demon" analogy may be harmful because it could result in "harsh cuts" to AI research budgets.
The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF), a Washington D.C. think-tank, awarded its Annual Luddite Award to "alarmists touting an artificial intelligence apocalypse"; its president, Robert D. Atkinson, complained that Musk and others say AI is the largest existential threat to humanity. Atkinson stated, "That's not a very winning message if you want to get AI funding out of Congress to the National Science Foundation." Nature sharply disagreed with the ITIF in an April 2016 editorial, siding instead with Musk, and concluding: "It is crucial that progress in technology is matched by solid, well-funded research to anticipate the scenarios it could bring about... If that is a Luddite perspective, then so be it." In a 2015 The Washington Post editorial, researcher Murray Shanahan stated that human-level AI is unlikely to arrive "anytime soon," but that nevertheless "the time to start thinking through the consequences is now."
In October 2019 Musk pledged to donate $1 million to the #TeamTrees campaign, which aims to plant 20 million trees around the world by 2020. He even changed his Twitter name to Treelon for the occasion.
Quotations:
"People tend to think like, 'Why should electric vehicles have a subsidy,' but they're not taking into account that all fossil fuel-burning vehicles fundamentally are subsidised by the cost - the environmental cost - to Earth, but nobody's paying for it... We are going to pay for it, obviously - in the future we'll pay for it. It's just not paid for now."
"Holy flying fuck, that thing took off!"
"I think there is a strong humanitarian argument for making life multi-planetary in order to safeguard the existence of humanity in the event that something catastrophic were to happen."
"I don’t get the little ship thing. You can’t show up at Mars in something the size of a rowboat. What if there are Martians? It would be so embarrassing."
"It would be an incredible adventure. And life needs to be more than just solving every day problems. You need to wake up and be excited about the future."
"We have planes, trains, automobiles and boats, ... What if there was a fifth mode?"
"If things are not failing, you are not innovating enough."
"In terms of the Internet, it's like humanity acquiring a collective nervous system. Whereas previously we were more like a... collection of cells that communicated by diffusion. With the advent of the Internet, it was suddenly like we got a nervous system. It's a hugely impactful thing."
"I think we have a duty to maintain the light of consciousness to make sure it continues into the future."
"Sooner or later, we must expand life beyond our little blue mud ball - or go extinct."
"I would like to die on Mars; just not on impact."
"We need to figure out how to have the things we love, and not destroy the world."
"Since our primary competitors [in space launch] are national governments, the enforceability of patents is questionable."
"Even if there's a zombie apocalypse, you'll still be able to travel using the Tesla Supercharging system."
"Everything works in PowerPoint; but if you have the physical item or some demonstration software, that's much more convincing to people than a PowerPoint presentation or a business plan."
"The heroes of the books I read, The Lord of the Rings and the Foundation series, always felt a duty to save the world."
"They [Apple] have hired people we've fired. We always jokingly call Apple the "Tesla Graveyard." If you don't make it at Tesla, you go work at Apple. I'm not kidding... cars are very complex compared to phones or smartwatches. You can't just go to a supplier like Foxconn and say: Build me a car. But for Apple, the car is the next logical thing to finally offer a significant innovation. A new pencil or a bigger iPad alone were not relevant enough."
"AI is much more advanced than people realize... Humanity's position on this planet depends on its intelligence so if our intelligence is exceeded, it's unlikely that we will remain in charge of the planet."
"SpaceX's got 5,000 people. I get a lot of attention, but they are really doing the work."
"The probability of death is quite high on the first [human] mission [to Mars]."
"Guardian is the most insufferable newspaper on planet Earth."
"People are mistaken when they think that technology just automatically improves. It does not automatically improve. It only improves if a lot of people work very hard to make it better, and actually it will, I think, by itself degrade, actually. You look at great civilizations like Ancient Egypt, and they were able to make the pyramids, and they forgot how to do that. And then the Romans, they built these incredible aqueducts. They forgot how to do it."
"Rocket tech applied to a car opens up revolutionary possibilities."
"Every person in your company is a vector. Your progress is determined by the sum of all vectors."
"If you wanted to be close to the cutting edge, particularly in technology, you came to North America."
"I think the rocket business is quite cyclic. There are a great many peaks and troughs."
"I like to be involved in things that change the world. The Internet did, and space will probably be more responsible for changing the world than anything else. If humanity can expand beyond the Earth, obviously that's where the future is."
"As life’s agents, it’s on our shoulders."
Membership
IEEE Honorary Membership
2015
Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)
2018
Personality
Elon Musk is exceptionally motivated and self-driven and there is absolutely no doubt in it. Unlike any other ordinary man who would have given up, he displayed outright determination to continue and keep moving forward through all disparities even after three launch failure attempts of the SpaceX rocket. Even when the Tesla Motors failed to achieve the production deadline for its first Tesla Roadster, the company was near to bankruptcy and one of the directors refused to fund anymore in order to fail Elon Musk and take his position. But Elon Musk did not give up on this. He found the investors and fought back. He even put all his stakes on the mortgage to avoid the bankruptcy.
Elon Musk is a hardcore workaholic person. He believes that there is no shortcut to success. He works for 100 hours a week and has been doing so for over many years. Elon Musk is undoubtedly the hardest working employee of the company and has set standards for his colleagues to achieve. He once said: "If other people are putting in 40 hours in a week, and you’re putting in 100, you will achieve the target in four months, what it takes others a year to achieve."
Elon Musk believes in self-analysis and critical thinking about oneself. It is difficult to critically think about yourself because you are very close to yourself. He thinks that generally, people do not think critically enough. It is one of the reasons for their failure. They take too many things for granted and be true without enough basis in that belief. So it is extremely important that people carefully analyze the things that are supposed to be true and build it up.
Elon Musk likes to celebrate success. He has a very busy schedule. But despite such a busy schedule, he always manages to find the time to enjoy life. He finds the time to celebrate the success with his employees and thank them. He takes his work very personally, and this love for his companies is born from the heart. It has been nurtured into existence and fiercely guarded. According to Elon Musk, as a successful leader, you need to teach others to love your brand and you can teach others how to treat your brand by the way you treat your brand. If you want others to love your brand, then you first have to love it. If you want your brand to run through the veins of the people, then it has to run through your veins first. His working principle involves pouring his heart into the work which automatically invites people to participate in his vision, and attracts thousands of fans willing to show their love and respect.
Musk was the inspiration for Robert Downey, Jr.’s character, Tony Stark, in the Iron Man franchise. Downey received a tour of the SpaceX headquarters from Musk in 2007 and picked up on some of what he has described as “accessible eccentricities.” When the first Iron Man film was released, director Jon Favreau explained that Musk had inspired Downey’s interpretation of the character. Musk also had a cameo in Iron Man 2.
Physical Characteristics:
Elon Musk stands at an impressive height of 1.88m which is approximately two inches above six feet. He maintains a healthy weight of about 82 kg (181 lbs), has hazel colored eyes and light brown hair.
Quotes from others about the person
Tosca Musk: "He can be brutally honest, where you’re like, Oh, my God, that stuff hurts. He’s not trying to be mean or make you feel bad. And he appreciates honesty in return."
Maye Musk: "If I was walking with the three kids and Elon disappeared, he was in a bookstore. He’d be sitting on the ground in a world of his own. He read the entire Encyclopedia Britannica when he was only 8 or 9 - and he remembered it!"
Laккy Page: "He [Musk] wants to go to Mars to back up humanity. That’s a worthy goal. We have a lot of employees at Google who’ve become pretty wealthy. You’re working because you want to change the world and make it better ... I’d like for us to help out more than we are.
Interests
video games
Writers
J.R.R. Tolkien, Robert Heinlein, Isaac Asimov, Douglas Adams, John D. Clark, Max Tegmark.
Sport & Clubs
cardio workout
Music & Bands
David Bowie, Frank Sinatra, Monty Python, Andrea Bocelli, Beatles, Pink Floyd.
Connections
Musk met his first wife, Canadian author Justine Musk (née Wilson), while both were students at Ontario's Queen's University. They married in 2000 and separated in 2008, after having six sons. Their first son, Nevada Alexander Musk, died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) at the age of 10 weeks. They later had five sons through in vitro fertilization; twins, Griffin and Xavier, in 2004; followed by triplets Damian, Saxon and Kai in 2006; of whom they share custody. Following their divorce in 2008, Justine Musk gave an interview describing her marriage with Musk in Marie Claire magazine, describing herself as "a starter wife."
In 2008, Musk began dating English actress Talulah Riley, and in 2010, the couple married. In January 2012, Musk announced that he had recently ended his four-year relationship with Riley. However, in July 2013, Musk and Riley remarried. In December 2014, Musk filed for a second divorce from Riley; however, the action was withdrawn. The media announced in March 2016 that divorce proceedings were again underway, this time with Riley filing for divorce from Musk. The divorce was finalized in late 2016.
Musk began dating American actress Amber Heard in 2016 but the two split up after one year due to their conflicting schedules. On May 7, 2018, Musk and Canadian musician Grimes revealed that they had begun dating.
Father:
Errol Musk
After Errol's divorce from Maye in 1979, Elon and his brother stayed with him for a while until after high school. Errol was a strict father. He was wealthy but did not want his kids to grow up spoiled so he was tough on them and was also the image of a hardworking world. After his kids left for Canada, he remarried.
Mother:
Maye Musk
After Elon decided to move to Canada after graduating from high school, Maye moved along with her son. Maye was then faced with the responsibility of raising her kids on her own as a single mum. She worked hard and her kids saw firsthand from her that the harder you work, the luckier you get.
ex-spouse:
Justine Musk
Musk’s longest relationship was with Justine Wilson (now Justine Musk, as she kept his last name post-divorce). She told Marie Claire that she met Musk while they were both attending Queen’s University in Ontario, Canada. They met when Musk approached her and asked her out for ice cream - and even though she agreed, she later blew him off. Musk then went to get ice cream anyway and showed up with “two chocolate-chip ice cream cones dripping down his hands. He’s not a man who takes no for an answer.”
They were married in January 2000. Musk and Wilson had a son together, Nevada, who died of sudden infant death syndrome, which put a rift in their relationship. They later had twins and triplets. Musk then filed for divorce in 2008, and Justine Wilson says she’s estranged from him now and handles the children via his assistant.
ex-spouse:
Talulah Riley
Riley and Musk married in 2010. Two years later, news of their divorce became public when Musk tweeted: "It was an amazing four years. I will love you forever. You will make someone very happy one day" at Riley on Twitter.
The couple remarried in 2013. Musk filed for - then withdrew - a second divorce the following year.
In 2016, Riley filed for divorce from Musk, which was finalized in late 2016. The two are still on good terms, however - Riley even made an appearance during Strauss' Rolling Stone profile of Musk. "We still see each other all the time and take care of each other," she told People.
Son:
Griffin Musk
Son:
Xavier Musk
Son:
Damian Musk
Son:
Saxon Musk
Son:
Kai Musk
Son:
Nevada Alexander Musk
Nevada died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) at the age of 10 weeks.
Brother:
Kimbal Musk
Kimbal Musk is a South African-born American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and restaurateur. He owns The Kitchen Cafe, LLC, a family of community restaurants located in Colorado, Chicago, Memphis, and Indianapolis.
Sister:
Tosca Musk
Tosca Musk is a South African-Canadian filmmaker. She is a producer and director of feature films, television programs, and web content. Her web series, Tiki Bar TV, and Hallmark television movie, Holiday Engagement have garnered some attention, with Holiday Engagement setting records for the most-watched television movie on Hallmark.
half-sister:
Alexandra Musk
half-sister:
Asha Rose Musk
ex-girlfriend:
Amber Heard
Musk began dating actress Amber Heard in 2016, but they broke up a year later due to their intense schedules.
Son:
X Æ A-12
girlfriend:
Grimes
As of October 2018, Musk is dating Canadian musician Grimes, whose real name is Claire Elise Boucher. The pair debuted their relationship super casually at the Met Gala in May. Grimes is currently pregnant with Musk's child.
Robert Downey Jr turned to Musk for help getting into character as Tony Stark for the 2008 film Iron Man. Musk’s enthusiastic embrace of technology for technology’s sake and his desire to push the limits of what was possible for private enterprise made him a close real-world analog for Marvel’s billionaire arms dealer.