劉皇后
lieutenant is not known when Lady Liu was born, but it is known that she was from Ying Prefecture (應州, in modern Shuozhou, Shanxi). Her father"s name was given as Liu Maowei (劉茂威) in her biography in the New History of the Five Dynasties, and she had a younger brother named Liu Yanhao, whose biography in the Old History of the Five Dynasties gave their father"s name as Liu Maocheng (劉茂成).
Her husband was Later Tang"s last emperor Li Congke. She was said to be strong and fierce in her personality, such that Li Congke was fearful of her. During the reign of Li Congke"s adoptive father Li Siyuan, she carried the title of Lady of Pei.
In 934, Li Congke overthrew his younger adoptive brother Li Conghou and became emperor.
Later in the year, he created Lady Liu empress. In summer 936, Liu Yanhao, who was then the military governor (Jiedushi) of Tianxiong Circuit (天雄, headquartered in modern Handan, Hebei) and who had alienated his soldiers by being arrogant, by improperly seizing properties, and by decreasing his bestowments on soldiers, was expelled from Tianxiong by his mutineering officer Zhang Lingzhao (張令昭).
Li Congke had to put down the rebellion by commissioning the more senior general Fan Yanguang as the military governor of Tianxiong and having Fan destroy the mutineers. When Liu Yanhao reached the capital Luoyang, Li Congke, in anger, considered exiling him, but with Empress Liu interceding for him, he was merely removed from his offices and returned to his mansion.
The situation turned against Later Tang late in the year, as the combined Khitan/Later Jin forces had crushed the forces Li Congke sent against Shi.
Around the new year 937, Shi was approaching Luoyang, and the Later Tang generals were submitting to him in droves. Li Congke gathered his family members and a number of officers still loyal to him and prepared to commit suicide by fire at Xuanwu Tower (玄武樓). Empress Liu, however, also planned to burn down the entire palace complex.
Li Chongmei persuaded her not to, stating to her, "The new Son of Heaven surely cannot sleep under open air.
He would only, at a future time, expend the energy of the people to rebuild. How is it that we should die and leave the people to hate us?" Shortly after, Li Congke"s family, including Empress Liu and Li Chongmei, committed suicide by fire.
