Career
Her dissertation was entitled Aftereffects, Adaptation, and Plasticity: A Neural Model for Tunable Feature Space. She was advised by Michael Anthony Arbib. Montalvo has been a research scientist at Lawrence Berkeley Labs, Himachal Pradesh, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Digital Equipment Corporation.
Montalvo is a leader in the field of Inconsistency Robustness currently serving on the governing Board of the International Society for Inconsistency Robustness.
According to Rosalind Picard, she is involved in considerations within emotional computing. She is known for having coined the term "Artificial Intelligence-complete" to denote an Artificial Intelligence task that is equivalent in difficulty to that of solving the problem of Strong Artificial Intelligence.