Fritz Albert Lipmann was a German-American biochemist and a co-discoverer in 1945 of coenzyme A.
Background
Fritz Lipmann was born on June 12, 1899 in Koenigsberg, Germany, into the family of Leopold and Gertrud (Lachmanski) Lipmann. From 1939 on, he lived and worked in the United States, and in 1944 he became the naturalized citizen of that country.
Education
Lipmann studied medicine at the University of Königsberg in Berlin, graduating with Doctor of Medicine in 1924. In 1926 he joined Otto Meyerhof at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin, for his Doctor of Philosophy thesis, which he earned in 1927. After that he followed Meyerhof to Heidelberg to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research.
Career
From 1939 to 1941 Fritz was a Research Associate in the Department of Biochemistry at the Cornell University Medical College in New York. He joined the research staff of the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston in 1941, first as a Research Associate in the Department of Surgery, then leading his own group in the Biochemical Research Laboratory of the Hospital. From 1949 to 1957 he was a professor of biological chemistry at Harvard Medical School. Since 1957 and until his death he taught and conducted research at the Rockefeller University in New York City.
Lipmann’s productive career included 516 publications between 1924 and 1985. His 1944 paper on acetyl phosphate is a citation classic, having been cited in other works more than seven hundred times His work on high-energy phosphate bonds and group transfer discoveries propelled biochemistry to the forefront of physiological research for nearly three decades.
Achievements
Fritz Albert Lipmann received the 1953 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of coenzyme A, an important catalytic substance involved in the cellular conversion of food into energy.