A Sketch of Semitic Origins Social and Religious (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from A Sketch of Semitic Origins Social and Relig...)
Excerpt from A Sketch of Semitic Origins Social and Religious
The studies which have culminated in this volume have occupied much of my attention for the past eleven years, and have previously led to the publication of sev eral articles. In the autumn of 1898, while giving a course of lectures on Semitic religion, the various parts of the subject grouped themselves so coherently in my mind that I could no longer doubt that these studies had led me to the discovery of the path trodden by the Semites in the journey from savagery to civilization, in the course of which the most characteristic features of their social and religious life were created. Since then the details have been worked out with as much care as the complex duties which attach to a very comprehensive chair would permit, and are here submitted to scholars.
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The Present State of Old Testament Studies (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from The Present State of Old Testament Studies
...)
Excerpt from The Present State of Old Testament Studies
In 1930 Professor Charles C. Torrey published his book, pseudo-ezekiel and the Original Prophecy.58 Tor rey's theory is in brief this. A man, probably of priestly rank, living in Jerusalem in the third century B. C. On the basis Of 2 Kgs. Put into the mouth of a prophet Of the time of Manasseh (he thinks that the thirtieth year in Eze. Can only be the 3oth year of Manasseh) passionate warnings, and then reminded his readers how, when the warnings were disregarded, dire punishment followed. Some thirty years later an editor, in the interest of what Torrey believes was then a new theory, viz that there was a Babylonian captivity and a return, inserted in Eze. 3 references to the captivity and made other editorial additions which SO successfully transferred all the prophecies to Babylon that for two thousand years no one perceived the hoax. The theory is set forth with all of Torrey's ingenuity (and he is very ingenious) and persuasiveness. It is, however, too ingenious. As one reads he is led to doubt that, were the theory true, even Torrey could have detected it!
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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
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The Heart of the Christian Message (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from The Heart of the Christian Message
The lack...)
Excerpt from The Heart of the Christian Message
The lack of symmetry which the first edition exhibited has been corrected by the insertion of a chapter on the Christian Message according to the Reformers. Slight changes and improvements have also been made throughout the volume, though in all essential features it remains unchanged.
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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
(Excerpt from Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions
About...)
Excerpt from Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions
About the Publisher
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This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
A Critical and Exegetical Commentary On the Book of Ecclesiastes; Volume 24
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This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Reverend George Aaron Barton was a Canadian author, Episcopal clergyman, and professor of Semitic languages and the history of religion.
Background
He was born on November 12, 1859 at East Farnham, Quebec, Canada, the third son and fifth of six children of Daniel and Mary Stevens (Bull) Barton, both devout Quakers. His father, a descendant of Roger Barton, who is believed to have come from Barton Manor, England, to Manhattan Island about 1641, was a farmer and the village blacksmith.
Education
Young Barton attended Oakwood Seminary, a Quaker boarding school at Poughkeepsie, New York. In 1879 he became an acknowledged minister of the Society of Friends. He completed his undergraduate education at Haverford College in Pennsylvania, receiving the A. B. degree in 1882.
Career
After a year in the insurance business in Boston, he became an instructor in mathematics and the classics at the Friends School in Providence, Rhode Island (1884 - 89). He then began graduate work at Harvard, where he studied under such eminent linguists and biblical scholars as Crawford H. Toy and Joseph H. Thayer and in 1891 received the first Ph. D. awarded by Harvard in Semitics, with a thesis on "The Semitic Ishtar Cult. " In 1891 Barton was appointed professor of biblical literature and Semitic languages at Bryn Mawr College, a post he held for thirty years.
On leave of absence in 1902-03, he spent the year in Palestine, where as director of the recently formed American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem he worked with local archaeologists in field studies and excavation. In 1922 he left Bryn Mawr for the University of Pennsylvania, where he succeeded Morris Jastrow as professor of Semitic languages and the history of religion and remained until his retirement in 1932. From 1921 to 1934 he was the official director of the American School of Oriental Research in Baghdad. Beginning in 1921, Barton also taught at the Divinity School of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Philadelphia as professor of New Testament literature. Here, and at the University of Pennsylvania, his principal colleague was his close friend James Alan Montgomery, a Semitist of equal distinction. The presence of these two scholars made Philadelphia a preeminent center of oriental and biblical studies.
He retired from the Divinity School faculty in 1937, at the age of seventy-seven. Barton began his scholarly work at a time when biblical science was first being illuminated by the new discoveries in Near Eastern archaeology. His imagination kindled, he devoted his life not only to biblical scholarship, but also to studying the religions and social structures of the ancient Near Eastern civilizations as revealed by Hebrew, Greek, Egyptian, and Babylonian records. His textbook, Archaeology and the Bible (1916), went through seven editions before his death and long remained standard in its field.
The integrity of Barton's scholarship is suggested by a sentence from the last book in which he confessed that he had "abandoned most of the important theories which he advocated thirty years ago" and acknowledged that even his latest views were only provisional. His exhaustive commentary on the book of Ecclesiastes (1908) in the International Critical Commentary series is a work of permanent value. The breadth of Barton's learning was of a type hardly possible in the more specialized age that followed. An expert in cuneiform epigraphy of both the Sumerian and Akkadian epochs, he produced a book, The Origin and Development of Babylonian Writing (1913), that remained the authoritative work on the subject for more than thirty years.
The range of his interests is indicated by his service as president of both the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis (1913 - 14) and the American Oriental Society (1916 - 17). Barton became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1900.
After his retirement Barton made his winter home in Coconut Grove, and his summer home at Weston, Massachussets. He died in Weston of a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of eighty-two and was buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Massachussets
Achievements
His major contribution to scholarly literature was A Sketch of Semitic Origins (1902), which he eventually replaced with an altogether new work, Semitic and Hamitic Origins (1934).
Through Montgomery, Barton in 1919 joined the Episcopal Church and was ordained to its priesthood, having left the Society of Friends the previous year because his strong feelings about German "brutality" in World War I made him unable to accept the Quaker opposition to war.
Membership
He was a member of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis and the American Oriental Society.
Connections
He was twice married: on June 26, 1884, to Caroline Brewer Danforth, originally of Boston, who died in 1930; and on June 6, 1931, to Katherine Blye Hagy of New York. He and his first wife adopted a daughter, Rhoda Caroline.