Howard Thomas Orville

Background

Orville, Howard Thomas was born on June 16, 1901 in Saratoga, Wyoming, United States. Son of William and Lucy D. (Wiant) Orville.

Education

Student Army and Navy Preparatory School, 1918-1919. Bachelor of Science, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, 1925. Student Navy Post Graduate School, 1928-1929.

South.M. Entertainment in meteorology, Massachusetts Institute Technology, 1930.

Career

After attending the Army and Navy Preparatory School during 1918-1919, he matriculated to the United States Naval Academy, graduating in 1925. In 1935, Lieutenant Orville served as the meteorologist for the United States. Navy"s sole entry in the James Gordon Bennett International Balloon Race held in Warsaw, Poland. The pilot was Lieutenant Raymond East. Tyler, an experienced airship man with a service record dating back to World War I. Despite making a good team, the two men came in last place.

In 1940 he was named head of the Naval Aerological Service, a post he would hold until 1943 when he became Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Air).

During World World War II he was notable for charting the weather for the 1942 Doolittle Raid. He served as weather adviser for naval operations in the Pacific Ocean and for Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa.

In 1946, he served on the Special Subcommittee on the Upper Atmosphere. The following year, Captain Orville designed the meteorological program used during the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, which was headed up by Finn Ronne.

From 1945-1947 (and later from 1950-1954) he served as a councilor to the American Meteorological Society and was elected president of the society for the 1948-1949 term.

In 1950 he retired from the Navy and was named director of engineering for the Friez Instrument Division of Bendix Aviation Corporation. Project Cirrus was an attempt by the United States government in 1947 to modify a hurricane by seeding the clouds with silver iodide. However, by 1950 the American Meteorological Society concluded that seeding attempts had not conclusively demonstrated any useful results.

Congress wanted to pursue the concept of weather control and in 1953 they created the United States. Advisory Committee on Weather Control.

The committee studied the idea of cloud seeding and cautiously concluded that, under certain circumstances, cloud seeding could "increase precipitation by 10 to 15 percent". On May 11, 1953, a Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University student observed some unusual cloud activity on a 10 cm radar system and recorded it with a picture.

A few minutes later a tornado was spawned from the clouds over Waco, Texas, killing 110 people. Meteorologists from Texas Agricultural and Mechanical concluded that the radar echo could serve as advance warning of a pending tornado event.

The president of the university contacted Orville and together they proposed a Texas radar network to track tornadoes, to be modeled after the Florida hurricane network.

By 1958, Orville became an advocate for researching the use of weather control as a weapon, fearing that the Soviet Union may develop the technology before the United States. The final report of Orville"s Advisory Committee on Weather Control, issued in January 1958 just a few months following the launch of Sputnik, stated that they believed the Soviets had already such a program in place. Orville died suddenly on May 24, 1960 and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. During his career, Orville became notable for being the first person to advocate a national array of radar stations to monitor severe weather patterns.

Orville Coast in Antarctica was named after him, as was the Howard T. Orville Scholarship in Meteorology, established in 1964 by the American Meteorological Society.

Achievements

• Howard Thomas Orville has been listed as a noteworthy corporation executive, naval officer, consultant by Marquis Who's Who.

Membership

Member visiting committee Blue Hill Observatory, Harvard. Member several professional and scientific organizations and associations. Kiwanian (directory).

Connections

Married Lillian L. Duvall, June 5, 1926. Children: Howard Thomas, Harold Duvall, Richard Edmonds.

Father:

William Orville

Mother:

Lucy D. (Wiant) Orville

Spouse:

Lillian L. Duvall

child:

Howard Thomas Orville

child:

Harold Duvall Orville

child:

Richard Edmonds Orville