Background
Chang Hsiang was born in Minghou, Fukien. China.
Chang Hsiang was born in Minghou, Fukien. China.
Gen. Chang Hsiang was a graduate of Peking Military Cadets' College and Paoting Military Officers' College.
Mr. Chang participated in the First Revolution which took place in 1911. He was proscribed by Yuan Shih-kai for his activities against his Monarchical Movement. During the Northern Punitive Expedition in 1926, he served as a staff officer in the 8th Army and concurrently chief of operations section of the Army's Field- Headquarters.
After the capture of Wuchang by the Nationalists, was appointed director of Hankow Office of Wuhan Garrison Headquarters. He rendered valuable service in the retrocession of the British Concession at Hankow and suppressed disturbances in the area Chief of Staff Office of the 11th Army. Then Chang Hsiang went to Nanking after collapse of Wuhan Nationalist Government and became a department director in the Central Military Academy.
He re-joined the 11th Army to follow its march back from Kiangsi to Kwangtung. Gen. Chang Hsiang was a Commander of 7th Brigade of 61st Division upon reorganization of the Army into 61st Division, he remained as Chief of Staff to the Division. He participated in the Battle of Tsinan against the Northern Military Coalition in 1930. In 1931 he became a chief of Staff to the Headquarters of the Government Right Wing Army for the suppression of Communists in Kiangsi.
Upon transfer of the 19th Route Army from Kiangsi to Shanghai-Nanking Area, he was appointed a staff officer with rank of Major-General, in the Headquarters of the Garrison Commander of Shanghai and Nanking. Shortly after, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Garrison Headquarters. Upon the outbreak of Japanese Hostilities in Shanghai January 28, 1932, he took active part in the armed resistance against the Japanese invaders. During the continuance of the War, he rendered great service in staff work and assisted the Defense Force in many ways, thus enabling the 19th Route Army to resist the Japanese for more than a month.