Background
Garcia, Ignacio Molina was born on October 28, 1950 in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Arrived in United States of America, 1956, naturalized, 1972. Son of Virgilio Manuel Garcia and Amada Molina.
( Check out "A Class Apart" - the new PBS American Experi...)
Check out "A Class Apart" - the new PBS American Experience documentary that explores this historic case! In 1952 in Edna, Texas, Pete Hernández, a twenty-one-year-old cotton picker, got into a fight with several men and was dragged from a tavern, robbed, and beaten. Upon reaching his home he collected his .22-caliber rifle, walked two miles back to the tavern, and shot one of the assailants. With forty eyewitnesses and a confession, the case appeared to be open and shut. Yet Hernández v. Texas turned into one of the nation’s most groundbreaking Supreme Court cases. Ignacio García’s White But Not Equal explores this historic but mostly forgotten case, which became the first to recognize discrimination against Mexican Americans. Led by three dedicated Mexican American lawyers, the case argued for recognition of Mexican Americans under the 14th Amendment as a “class apart.” Despite a distinct history and culture, Mexican Americans were considered white by law during this period, yet in reality they were subjected to prejudice and discrimination. This was reflected in Hernández’s trial, in which none of the selected jurors were Mexican American. The concept of Latino identity began to shift as the demand for inclusion in the political and judicial system began. García places the Hernández v. Texas case within a historical perspective and examines the changing Anglo-Mexican relationship. More than just a legal discussion, this book looks at the whole case from start to finish and examines all the major participants, placing the story within the larger issue of the fight for Mexican American civil rights.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0816527512/?tag=2022091-20
( During the 1960s and '70s, Mexican Americans began to a...)
During the 1960s and '70s, Mexican Americans began to agitate for social and political change. From their diverse activities and agendas there emerged a new political consciousness. Emphasizing race and class within the context of an oppressive society, this militant ethos would become the unifying theme for groups involved in a myriad of causes. Chicanismo, as it came to be known, marked a transformation in the way Mexican Americans thought about themselves, enabling them for the first time to see themselves as a community with a past and a present. In Chicanismo, the first intellectual history of the Chicano Movement and the militant ethos that emerged from it, Ignacio Garcia traces the development of the philosophical strains that guided the movement. First, Mexican Americans came to believe that the liberal agenda that had promised education and equality had failed them, leading them toward separatism. Second, they saw a need to reinterpret the past as it related to their own history, leading them to discovered their legacy of struggle. Third, Mexican American activists, intellectuals, and artists affirmed a renewed pride in their ethnicity and class status. Finally, this new philosophy-Chicanismo-was politicized through the struggles of the Chicano organizations that promoted it as they faced resistance or external attacks. Although the idea of Chicanismo would eventually unravel, its ideological strains remain important even today. Combining research and personal knowledge of people, events, organizations, and political/cultural rhetoric, along with a synthesis of scholarship from a variety of fields, Chicanismo provides a unique, multidimensional view of the Chicano Movement.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0816517886/?tag=2022091-20
( For a few brief months during the presidential campaign...)
For a few brief months during the presidential campaign of 1960, Mexican Americans caught a glimpse of their own Camelot in the promise of John F. Kennedy. Grassroots "Viva Kennedy Clubs" sprang up not only in the southwestern United States but also across California and the upper Midwest to help elect the young Catholic standard bearer. The leaders of the Viva Kennedy Clubs were confident and hopeful that their participation in American democracy would mark the beginning of the end of discrimination, violence, and poverty in the barrio. Although the dream of attaching their own Camelot to Kennedy’s ultimately ended in disappointment, these participatory efforts contributed to an identity-building process for Mexican Americans that led to greater emphasis on Americanization for some and to the more radical rhetoric of the Chicano Movement for others. In Viva Kennedy, Ignacio M. García surveys the background, development, and evolution of the Viva Kennedy Clubs and their post-election incarnation as PASO, the Political Association of Spanish-Speaking Organizations. He argues that patriotic fervor of the 1940s and postwar economic expansion spurred middle-class Mexican Americans to strive for full inclusion in American society. Ironically, those involved in the Viva Kennedy movement showed their militancy in fighting discrimination even as they upheld America’s conservative values. They believed that discrimination could be overcome through government actions that recognized their civil rights and through their own political participation. García describes the post-election problems of the Viva Kennedy reformers, who first saw the Kennedy administration ignore its campaign promises to them and then encountered their own factional squabbles, chronic funding problems, and a growing unease among Anglo Americans wary of Mexican American political power. Based on research and interviews with key leaders of the Viva Kennedy movement such as Ed Idar, Jr., Edward R. Roybal, and Albert Peña, Jr., this study unveils a portrait of a people in transition and provides a nuanced picture of twentieth-century Mexican American history.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0890969175/?tag=2022091-20
(Hector P. García: In Relentless Pursuit of Justice is the...)
Hector P. García: In Relentless Pursuit of Justice is the first definitive, superbly researched and documented biography of the founder of the American GI Forum. García was an immigrant from Tamaulipas, Mexico, whose family journeyed north in the fashion of so many other immigrant families at the time seeking economic opportunities and safety from the numerous revolutionary conflicts. In spite of rampant discrimination and poverty common in the Rio Grande Valley, García became a physician in 1940 and, like many young Mexican Americans, served his adopted country with distinction in fighting fascism and injustice abroad. After receiving the Bronze Star and six battle stars, he returned to Texas only to find that much of the discrimination and segregation against Mexican Americans was still rampant, despite their having proved themselves on the bloody battlefields overseas. An outraged García went on to rally Mexican-American veterans into one of the most effective civil rights organizations in history and to create a space for them within the political process. His pioneering efforts not only resulted in changed laws and practices, but also in a new awareness among Mexican Americans that they could fight for their rights and win. He proved to be a decisive factor in the election of America’s first Catholic president, John F. Kennedy. His activism inspired a new generation of social reformers in the barrio and a reluctant acceptance that Mexican Americans were first class citizens. For his work, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1984.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00RDFUUHI/?tag=2022091-20
(The first definitive biography of a pioneering civil righ...)
The first definitive biography of a pioneering civil rights leader and activist In 1948, Three Rivers Funeral Home refused burial of the remains of Felix Longoria, a World War II veteran. For Dr. Hector P. García this incident was an example of the bigotry and injustice that many Mexican Americans suffered in South Texas and throughout the U.S. He and his fledging organization, the American G.I. Forum, stepped into the national consciousness to fight for Longoria and his family and to inspire Mexican-American participation in party politics and against segregation in the post-World War II years. García was an immigrant from Tamaulipas, Mexico, whose family journeyed north in the fashion of many other immigrant famillies seeking economic opportunities and safety from the numerous revolutionay conflicts. In spite of discrimination and poverty common in the Rio Grande Valley, García became a physician in 1940 and, like many young Mexican Americans, served his adopted country with distinction in fighting fascism and injustice abroad. After receiving the Bronze Star and six battle stars, he returned to Texas only to find that much of the discrimination and segregation against Mexican Americans was still rampant, despite their having proved themselves in the bloody battlefields overseas. An outraged García went on to rally Mexican-American veterans into one of the most effective civil rights organizations in history and to create a space for them within the political process. His pionnering efforts not only resulted in changed laws and practices, but also in a new awareness among Mexican Americans that they could fight for their rights and win. He also proved to be a decisive factor in the election of America's first Catholic president, John. F. Kennedy. His activism inspired a new generation of social reformers in the barrio, and a reluctant acceptance by the larger society that Mexican Americans were first class citizens. For his work, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1984.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1558853863/?tag=2022091-20
( Clearly, Ignacio M. Garcia has written a sympathetic hi...)
Clearly, Ignacio M. Garcia has written a sympathetic history of the movement, critically describing conditions of the sixties and seventies and clarifying the outstanding issues and personalities in the Mexican American community of the Southwest. . . Garcia's passionate and insightful contribution cannot be overlooked as a source of factual information and analysis.—New Mexico Historical Review "Garcia's history of La Raza Unida party is a labor of love."—Journal of the Southwest "This book is an insightful, intensive, and interesting report on the origin, development, and demise of the 'party of the united people.' . . . The author's most noteworthy contribution may well be in the richness of the details of the party's history and in providing these documented dates, figures, personalities, and events as no one else has or perhaps can." —Southwestern Historical Quarterly "This book is must reading for students of the Chicano-Hispanic community, especially those living in the southwestern U.S. and in the larger cities throughout our country. For this piece of Chicano history is essential to understanding this most important section of our multi-cultural, multi-national U.S. working class." —People's Weekly World
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0939363011/?tag=2022091-20
Garcia, Ignacio Molina was born on October 28, 1950 in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Arrived in United States of America, 1956, naturalized, 1972. Son of Virgilio Manuel Garcia and Amada Molina.
Doctor of Philosophy, University Arizona, Tucson, 1993.
History professor Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University, Corpus Christi, 1993—1995. Endowed professor history Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, since 1995. Specialist fifth class United States Army, 1971-1972, South Vietnam.
( Check out "A Class Apart" - the new PBS American Experi...)
(The first definitive biography of a pioneering civil righ...)
( For a few brief months during the presidential campaign...)
( During the 1960s and '70s, Mexican Americans began to a...)
( Clearly, Ignacio M. Garcia has written a sympathetic hi...)
(Hector P. García: In Relentless Pursuit of Justice is the...)
The President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints at any given time is a prophet of God in the same way as Abraham, Moses, Isaiah, and the Apostles. Revelation is a continuing process through which God still instructs people.
Member Tucson Energy Commission, 1990—1992, State Judicial Commission, Provo, Utah, 2003, Utah Humanities Council, Salt Lake City, 2003—2006. Member of Western History Association.
Married Alejandra Genis Aguirre, March 10, 1973. Children: Roman Gabriel, Veronica Alejandra Quiballo, Ignacio Aguirre, Valeria Annahi.