The Negro in Maryland: A Study of the Institution of Slavery, Volume 6
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
Essays in the Constitutional History of the United States in the Formative Period, 1775-1789
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This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
Notes on the progress of the colored people of Maryland since the war. A supplement to The negro in Maryland: a study of the institution of slavery
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
Jeffrey Richardson Brackett was an American social work educator. He is most remembered for the establishment of the Boston School for Social Workers, later the Boston School of Social Work.
Background
Jeffrey Richardson Brackett was born on October 20, 1860 in Quincy, Massachusetts. He was the second son and only surviving child of Jeffrey Richardson Brackett, a merchant, and Sarah Cordelia (Richardson) Brackett. Both parents came of old New England families which had prospered in banking and trade.
Orphaned at the age of sixteen when his parents died within six months of each other, young Jeffrey went to live at the home of a boyhood friend. A comfortable inheritance allowed him such later luxuries as a large yacht and a summer home on Penobscot Bay, but he was sensible about the use of his money.
Education
After graduating from Adams Academy, Quincy, in 1879, he entered Harvard, from which he received the A. B. degree in 1883.
He next spent a year in study and travel in Europe, and then began graduate work in history and political science at Johns Hopkins University, where he wrote a dissertation on The Negro in Maryland: A Study of the Institution of Slavery (1889) and received the Ph. D. in 1889.
Career
Settling in Baltimore after receiving his doctorate, Brackett became interested in the work of the city's Charity Organization Society, founded in 1881 by President Daniel Coit Gilman of Johns Hopkins; and in the early 1890's, like a number of others at the university, he became a volunteer "friendly visitor" to the poor.
From 1897 to 1904, he was chairman of the society's executive committee. From 1899 to 1904, he served also as a lecturer on public aid, charity, and correction at Johns Hopkins. The charity organization movement extolled the moral virtues of work over public home relief and prided itself on its "scientific" dedication to gathering individual data about the poor and helping them regain their self-sufficiency.
Although Brackett accepted most of these principles, he was never a doctrinaire. In 1897, furthermore, he was chairman of a city committee which recommended reforms in the care of public dependents, and which resulted in the creation of a Board of Supervisors of City Charities. In 1900, Brackett was named the chairman of this board, as well as head of the Department of Charities and Correction, positions he held until 1904.
He was chairman of the City Relief Committee after the great Baltimore fire of 1904. Brackett's leading role in the welfare movement was recognized when he was elected president of the influential National Conference of Charities and Correction, later the National Conference of Social Work, now the National Conference on Social Welfare, for the year 1904.
As director until his retirement in 1920, Brackett worked closely with Boston's "progressive" welfare agencies.
Zilpha Smith of the Boston Associated Charities was associate director of the school and Alice Higgins Lothrop lectured there. Brackett gave important guidance to the pioneering social service department established at the Massachusetts General Hospital under the leadership of Dr. Richard C. Cabot and in 1912 added a special second year at the School of Social Work for the training of medical social workers. Both before and after his retirement, Brackett was active in other areas of social work.
As a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Charity from 1906 to 1919 and subsequently of the advisory board of its successor, the Massachusetts Board of Public Welfare (1920 - 1934), he worked to modernize and professionalize public assistance, to improve the foster children program, and to transform state workhouses into infirmaries for the aged.
Although his attempts to decentralize state welfare activities by opening district offices were defeated by political pressure, he helped secure passage of a state mother's aid law (1912) and an old-age assistance law (1931). Brackett was an incorporator of the American Red Cross in 1911 and chairman of the Boston Associated Charities in 1913.
After living in Richmond for a time, he retired to his second wife's native home, Charleston, South Carolina. There Brackett died of an intestinal disorder. Following cremation, his ashes were buried in Mount Wollaston Cemetery, Quincy, Massachusetts.
Achievements
Perhaps Brackett's most important contribution was in his consistent advocacy of formal training for professional social workers. Unlike some of his colleagues in the Baltimore Charity Organization Society such as Mary E. Richmond and John M. Glenn who stressed teaching the methodology of scientific charity, Brackett insisted on a broad academic program as a necessary foundation for professional training.
In 1904, aided by members of the Boston Associated Charities, he organized the Boston School for Social Workers, later the Boston School of Social Work. Formed under the joint sponsorship of Harvard University, which withdrew in 1916, and Simmons College, this was the first such institution under university auspices and the first to offer full-time training combining academic and fieldwork.
Although considering himself "a nonsectarian Christian, " Brackett served for many years as a vestryman of Trinity Church (Episcopal) in Boston and was chairman of the Social Service Department of the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts from 1922 to 1929.
Views
As chairman of the executive committee of the Baltimore Central Relief Committee, a citizens' work project established during the 1893 depression, he came to see the need for closer cooperation between public and private charity. Individual casework alone, he declared, would not attack the "roots" of poverty, which lay in the "social economy of the time, in industrial conditions, lack of vocational training, social barriers and public apathy".
Membership
Brackett was a member of the Massachusetts State Board of Charity.
Connections
On June 16, 1886, Brackett married Susan Katharine Jones, the daughter of a Virginia planter. They had no children.
Brackett's first wife died in 1931, and on June 22, 1935, he married Louisa de Berniere Bacot, headmistress of St. Catherine's School for Girls in Richmond, Virginia.
