University of Warsaw
Kharkov University
University of California, Berkeley
Jerzy Neyman
Neyman
Kharkov University
University of Warsaw
University of California, Berkeley
Jerzy Neyman
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1952
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1956
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1977
Neyman was born Jerzy Spława-Neyman on April 16, 1894, in what is now Bender, Moldova, into a Polish family, the fourth of four children of Czesław Spława-Neyman and Kazimiera Lutosławska. Neyman's family descended from a long line of Polish nobles and military heroes.
Neyman graduated from the Kamieniec Podolski gubernial gymnasium for boys in 1909. He entered Kharkov University in 1912 and finished it in 1916. He also earned the Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Warsaw in 1924.
After Neyman finished his university studies, he read 'Lessons on the integration and the research of the primitive functions' by Henri Lebesgue, and was fascinated with measure and integration. In 1921 he returned to Poland in a program of repatriation of POWs after the Polish-Soviet War. He spent a couple of years in London and Paris on a fellowship to study statistics with Karl Pearson and Émile Borel. After his return to Poland he established the Biometric Laboratory at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Warsaw.
Jerzy published many books dealing with experiments and statistics, and devised the way which the FDA tests medicines today. Neyman proposed and studied randomized experiments in 1923. Furthermore, his paper "On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: The Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection," given at the Royal Statistical Society on 19 June 1934, was the groundbreaking event leading to modern scientific sampling.
In 1923 he became a lecturer at the College of Agriculture, Warsaw, and he joined the faculty of the University of Warsaw in 1928. He served on the staff of University College, London, from 1934 to 1938, and then immigrated to the United States, where he joined the faculty of the University of California, Berkeley, becoming chairman of a new department of statistics in 1955 and residing as a U.S. citizen for the rest of his life. At Berkeley he built, with the help of a growing number of statisticians and mathematicians who studied under him, what became known as a leading world centre for mathematical statistics. A highly successful series of symposia on probability and statistics were carried out under his guidance.
Neyman died in Oakland, California in 1981.
Neyman’s work in mathematical statistics, which includes theories of estimation and of testing hypotheses, has found wide application in genetics, medical diagnosis, astronomy, meteorology, and agricultural experimentation. He was noted especially for combining theory and its applications in his thinking.
His family was Roman Catholic and Neyman served as an altar boy during his early childhood. Later, he would become an agnostic.
Royal Statistical Society , United Kingdom
London Mathematics Society , United Kingdom
National Academy of Sciences , United States
National Academy of Sciences , Poland
President
Mathematics and Statistics Institute , United States
1949
Vice-president
American Statistical Association , United States
1947
Honorary President
International Statistical Institute , United States
1972 - 1981
Neyman married Olga Solodovnikova on May 4, 1920.
