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The Conditions of Peace Bewteen the East and the West
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De Forest was an American missionary to Japan. He was from the first among those who advocated Japanese responsibility and independence in Christian affairs in Japan, and he proved an acceptable co-worker toward these ends.
Background
John Kinne Hyde De Forest was born on June 25, 1844 at Westbrook, Connecticut, United States. He was the son of the Reverend William Albeit and Martha (Sackctt) Hyde, the fifth of their eight children. When he was ten years of age, his father moved to a parish in Greenwich, Connecticut, United States.
Education
John's earliest education was obtained in the public schools of Westbrook and Greenwich. He afterward spent a year and a half in Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and graduated in 1862, ranking fifth in a class of forty-five.
He served in the Civil War for nine months during 1S62- 63 in Company B, 28th Connecticut V olunteers, and entered Yale College in the fall of 1863.
For want of funds he had to withdraw shortly and take a position as teacher in a boys’ school at Irvington-on-Hudson, New York. After a few months at Irvington he learned that the income from a De Forest Fund at Yale would be available to him on condition that he assume the name of De Forest. With this aid and other sums loaned by friends, he spent the years 1864-68 in Yale, graduating with honors in 1868. The next three years were spent in Yale Divinity School from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, in 1871.
Career
In 1871 De Forest was ordained to the ministry, assumed the pastorate of the Congregational church in Mt. Carmel, Connecticut.
In 1874 he sailed with his wife from San Francisco to Yokohama for service in Japan under the American Board. The edicts against Christianity had been removed the previous year by the Japanese Emperor.
After a brief stay in Yokohama, the De Forests went on to Kobe, and thence to Osaka, spending the winter with Dr. and Mrs. M. L. Gordon of that station.
On the arrival of their possessions, they went to a home of their own. For twelve years De Forest was officially stationed at Osaka. He devoted himself seriously to a mastery of the spoken Japanese and in due time gave his earnest attention to the written language, attaining ultimately a remarkable command of Japanese.
He preached frequently and gave much time to translation. In September 1886 with Mrs. De Forest and their four children he removed to Sendai, where, in the following March a church—one of the first Kumiai or independent churches—was organized.
In June 1887 he opened there the Tokwa School for boys. After 1889 the Sendai station suffered much opposition from Japanese nationalists, and the Tokwa School was closed in 1892.
The church continued and from 1897 had its own Japanese pastor. De Forest was from the first among those who advocated Japanese responsibility and independence in Christian affairs in Japan, and he proved an acceptable co-worker toward these ends. He made five trips to America. On his return to Japan from his furlough in 1896 he left his children in America.
He traveled in Manchuria in 1905, spent the summer of 1909 in China, and in 1910 made a tour of Korea on behalf of Japanese Christians there.
On his return from Korea he fell ill from heart disease to which, after five months, pneumonia was added. He was taken to St. Luke’s Hospital in Tokyo, and died there. He was buried in Sendai, where the De Forest Memorial Church now stands.
De Forest wrote often for the Missionary Herald, the Religious Herald, the Congregationalist, and the Japanese press, and for many years was a regular correspondent of the Independent. He was the author of “The Ethics of Confucius as Seen in Japan” (Andover Review, May 1893, reprinted in Tokyo); Mixed Residence (Yokohama, 1898); Sunrise in the Sunrise Kingdom (1904, revised in 1908); Sketch of the Japan Mission of the American Board, 1869-1904; and the article on Shintoism in Religions of Mission Fields (1905).
Achievements
In November 1908, the Emperor of Japan conferred upon De Forest the Fourth Order of the Rising Sun in recognition of his work among Japanese troops in the Russo-Japanese War, and for his part in famine relief in the Sendai area in 1905-06.
(This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of th...)
Personality
De Forest devoted himself seriously to a mastery of the spoken Japanese and in due time gave his earnest attention to the written language, attaining ultimately a remarkable command of Japanese.
Connections
On June 5, 1871, De Forest married Sarah C. Conklin of New Haven. The death of his wife and their baby the following spring was so great a shock to him that he was given leave from his parish for several months for recovery.
On September 23, 1874, he married Sarah Elizabeth Starr of Guilford, Connecticut.