(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(Excerpt from Narrative of a Journey Across the Rocky Moun...)
Excerpt from Narrative of a Journey Across the Rocky Mountains, to the Columbia River, and a Visit to the Sandwich Islands, Chili, Etc: With a Scientific Appendix ON the evening of the 24th of March, 1834, Mr. N uttall and myself arrived at St. Louis, in the steamboat Boston, from Pitts burg. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Early Western Travels 1748-1846, Volume 21 by Various A ...)
Early Western Travels 1748-1846, Volume 21 by Various A Series of Annotated Reprints of some of the best and rarest contemporary volumes of travel, descriptive of the Aborigines and Social and Economic Conditions in the Middleand Far West, during the Period of Early American Settlement CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXI Oregon; or a Short History of a Long Journey from the Atlantic Ocean to the Region of the Pacific, by Land; drawn up from the notes and oral information of ... one of the party who left Mr. Nathaniel J. Wyeth, July 28th, 1832, four days' march beyond the Ridge of the Rocky Mountains, and the only one who has returned to New England. John B. Wyeth. Narrative of a Journey across the Rocky Mountains, to the Columbia River. John K. Townsend.
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(Excerpt from Ornithology of the United States of North Am...)
Excerpt from Ornithology of the United States of North America, or Descriptions of the Birds Inhabiting the States and Territories of the Union, Vol. 1: With an Accurate Figure of Each, Drawn and Coloured From Nature IN the commencement of a task like the present, it is of course necessary that the object and design of the publication should be stated, and the reasons given for obtruding upon public notice another work on the Ornithology of the United States in addition to the several highly creditable ones which already adorn the literature of our country. Alexander wilson was the great pioneer in this branch of American science; and who that appreciates his chaste and eloquent style, his accurate and happy delineation of a class of the most lovely objects in nature, can fail to experience the greatest delight in reviewing the pages of the American Orni thology. Next among the labourers in this field, followed the amiable and enthusiastic audubon, a man of whom America may well be proud, and who has given to the world a work of magnificence which will forever remain a monument of his surpassing genius, perseverance and research. Next in order was that eminent naturalist, thomas nuttall, and to him are we indebted fur a Manual of American Ornithology, highly valuable as a text book, which, like all that has proceeded from his pen, exhibits in an uncommon degree the qualities of patient investigation and sound judgment, with great beauty and eloquence of description. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(The Narrative chronicles a journey of discovery by the fi...)
The Narrative chronicles a journey of discovery by the first trained naturalist to cross the American continent. Townsend's account of his trek along what would soon become the Oregon Trail is a classic of western exploration and scientific discovery.
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naturalist ornithologist scientist
John Kirk Townsend was born on August 10, 1809 in Philadelphia. He was the son of Charles and Priscilla (Kirk) Townsend. He came of an intellectual and cultivated family of Quaker ancestry; a brother, Edward, was distinguished for his philanthropic work, especially in connection with prisons; while two sisters, Hannah and Mary, were writers.
John was educated at the famous Quaker boarding school at Westtown, Pa. , where much attention was given to the natural sciences. This training, together with close association with his cousin William P. Townsend and Ezra Michener, both of whom became local ornithologists, may have been the origin of his passionate interest in birds.
He spent much of his early life at West Chester, Pa. , collecting specimens, and in the course of preparing them became a skilful taxidermist. On one of these early field trips he secured the unique specimen later named Townsend's Bunting by John James Aubudon and still preserved in the United States National Museum.
At the age of twenty-five, with the naturalist Thomas Nuttall, Townsend joined the overland expedition to Oregon under Nathaniel J. Wyeth, traveling with a wagon train from Independence, Mo. , which point they left on Apri 28, 1834, to Fort Vancouver, where they arrived on September 16.
The following year he visited the Hawaiian Islands, and shortly after his return to Fort Vancouver assumed the duties of surgeon to the post; these he performed from late September until the middle of the following March, in the absence of a regular post surgeon. In December 1836 he sailed for home by way of Cape Horn, but at Valparaiso was overtaken by a severe illness which delayed his arrival at Philadelphia until November 13, 1837. On the overland journey and at several places in the Pacific he had assembled valuable collections of birds and mammals. His new birds from the Oregon country were described by himself in the Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and later pictured in the last volume (1844) of Audubon's Birds of America, while his mammals were described and pictured by Audubon and John Bachman in their Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America (3 vols. , 1845 - 49).
In 1839 Townsend published Narrative of a Journey across the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia River, a valuable contribution to the history of early exploration in western North America. It was reprinted in part by R. G. Thwaites in Early Western Travels (vol. XXI, 1905).
Townsend also conceived the idea of preparing a work on the birds of the United States and actually published one part (Ornithology of the United States of North America, 1840), now one of the rarest of American ornithological treasures. Lack of financial support and the appearance of the octavo edition of Audubon's Birds discouraged him, however, and he abandoned his undertaking.
In 1842 he was in Washington engaged in securing and mounting birds for the National Institute, a sort of forerunner of the National Museum, with its collections housed in the Patent Office, but this position was only temporary and in 1845 he was back in Philadelphia studying dentistry, although he probably never practised. Hoping to restore his health, which had begun to fail, he planned to sail early in 1851 as naturalist on a naval vessel bound around the Cape of Good Hope, but his condition rapidly became worse and he had to abandon the plan.
He died, in Washington, in February 1851.
John Kirk Townsend was a fluent writer as well as an excellent ornithologist. He will always be remembered for the discovery of many of the birds and mammals of the northwestern United States, not a few of which bear his name. He collected a number of animals new to science. These included birds such as the mountain plover, Vaux's swift, chestnut-collared longspur, black-throated grey warbler, Townsend's warbler and sage thrasher, and a number of mammals such as the Douglas squirrel; several of these were described by Bachman (1839) from samples collected by Townsend. The Townsend's warbler and Townsend's solitaire are also named after Mr. Townsend. He had developed a formula used in taxidermy preparations and arsenic was the "secret" ingredient.
(Early Western Travels 1748-1846, Volume 21 by Various A ...)
(Excerpt from Narrative of a Journey Across the Rocky Moun...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(Excerpt from Ornithology of the United States of North Am...)
(The Narrative chronicles a journey of discovery by the fi...)
Townsend was elected a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia in September 1833 and a life member shortly before he died.
He married Charlotte Holmes of Cape May Courthouse, New Jersey, whose sister, Harriet, later married William Baird, brother of the ornithologist Spencer F. Baird. The Townsends had one son.
