Background
He was born on January 29, 1869 at Greifswald, Pomerania, United States, of English-German parentage, the son of Joseph and Marie Pollard.
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He was born on January 29, 1869 at Greifswald, Pomerania, United States, of English-German parentage, the son of Joseph and Marie Pollard.
He was educated at Eastbourne College, Sussex, England.
Coming to New York in 1885, he entered the field of journalism on the St. Joseph News, St. Joseph, Missouri, in 1891. From 1897 until his death in 1911 he was literary reviewer for Town Topics, a position from which he was able to exert a not inconsiderable influence upon contemporary criticism. At the turn of the century, he collaborated with Vance Thompson, Walter Blackburn Harte, Bliss Carman, and others in founding the Criterion, a radical and militant literary journal filled with personalities and prejudices.
Between 1892 and 1911 Pollard published ten volumes of fiction and criticism and translated a book on Oscar Wilde from the German. During a year of his career he had worked as a "rewrite man" for the celebrated actor, Richard Mansfield, whom he satirized as Arthur Wantage in his novel, The Imitator (1901). The year 1906 saw the production of Nocturno, written with Leo Ditrichstein. It was not successful. A like fate attended the production of his The Ambitious Mrs. Alcott, at the Astor Theatre, New York, the following year.
At the same time from his prolific pen there poured forth a stream of reviews and articles, published under a variety of pseudonyms: as many as six appeared the same month, and often several in the same periodical.
He died in a Baltimore hospital and his body was cremated.
Joseph Percival Pollard was one of the pioneers of realistic criticism in the United States and he ranks as one of the best interpreters of European literature to the American public in the early years of the twentieth century. Moreover, he became one of the foremost interpreters of German literature in the United States. Pollard fought to raise the level of American letters; he sought, by his withering criticism, to purge them of all that was false and cheap. His most substantial volume of criticism, Their Day in Court (1909), contains many autobiographical passages and reveals the wide variety of his talent, his enthusiasms, and his prejudices.
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Quotations: "Denouncing a crime against literature has never seemed to me so efficacious, or so dishonest, as denouncing the criminal".
He was independent and honest in his judgments, but his friendly enthusiasm sometimes led him astray, as in his extravagant eulogies of Ambrose Bierce. For every friend he made a score of enemies, and he possessed an extraordinary facility for alienating his friends.
Quotes from others about the person
His publisher, Walter Neale, described him as: "Taciturn, rather morose, suspicious of his associates; inordinately stingy; apparently without the slightest affection for any human being".
He was twice married; his second wife, Charlotte T. Rénea, whom he married January 22, 1899, and a child of his first marriage survived him.