Background
Julia Tuñón was born in 1948 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
( Throughout Mexico's history, women have been subjected ...)
Throughout Mexico's history, women have been subjected to a dual standard: exalted in myth, they remain subordinated in their social role by their biology. But this dualism is not so much a battle between the sexes as the product of a social system. The injustices of this system have led Mexican women to conclude that they deserve a better world, one worth struggling for. Published originally in Spanish as Mujeres en México: Una historia olvidada, this work examines the role of Mexican women from pre-Cortés to the 1980s, addressing the interplay between myth and history and the gap between theory and practice. Pointing to such varied prototypes as the Virgin of Guadalupe, La Malinche, and Sor Juana, Tuñón contrasts what these women represent with more realistic but less-exalted counterparts such as Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, La Güera Rodríguez, and Juana Belén Gutiérrez de Mendoza. She also discusses the identity transformation by which indigenous women come to see themselves as Mexicanas, and analyzes such issues as women's economic dislocation in the labor force, education, and self-image. In challenging the illusion that historians have created of women in Mexico's history, Tuñón hopes to recover feminism—with its strengths and weaknesses, its vision of the world that is both intellectual and full of feeling. By examining the social world of Mexico, she also hopes to determine those situations that cause oppression, exploitation, and marginalization of women.
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Julia Tuñón was born in 1948 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
She completed her basic studies at Luis Vives Institute in Mexico City and in 1969 earned a Bachelor in history from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México). In 1977 she completed her Master"s and in 1987 her Doctor of Philosophy in history also at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
In 1987, she wrote the first comprehensive historical account of women"s contributions to building the nation, as prior histories had predominantly left women out of the narrative. In 1989, Tuñón joined the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (National System of Researchers). She was a full time researcher for both the Dirección de Estudios Históricos (Directorate of Historical Studies) and Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) (National Institute of Anthropology and History), beginning in 1982 as well as teaching as a visiting professor at El Colegio de México, the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and the University of Guadalajara.
In 2011 she was appointed as a professor for the academic term at the University of Paris-VIII for literature of the Romance languages including Italian, Portuguese and Spanish.
In February, 2015, Tuñón began a collaboration on an Illustrated History of Mexico series with Enrique Florescano and in March, 2015, she retired from INAH. Predominantly her work has centered on women and the issues that they face. She explores the dichotomy between the idealized image of women in popular culture and women"s realities.
The journal, Lingua Franca (Volume 11, Number 2—March 2001) called Tuñón"s analytical treatment "elegant" and her Mujeres de luz y sombra en el cine mexicano: Louisiana construcción de una imagen, 1939-1952 (Women of light and shadow in the Mexican cinema: The construction of an image, 1939-1952) one of the best histories currently being written in Mexico. In particular, she looks at topics like guilt, the role of Christian morality, poverty, gender and power relationships.
In 1983 and again in 2000 she was awarded the Gabino Barreda Medal for academic excellence She won the Susana San Juan Literary Prize in 1998 and was awarded the Emilio García Riera Medal by the University of Guadalajara in 2004. Foreign her academic excellence, she was awarded the Gabino Barreda Medal twice.
( Throughout Mexico's history, women have been subjected ...)