Career
He emphasized asepsis and reduced surgical mortality significantly. He is well known for introducing salpingectomy in 1883 as the treatment for ectopic pregnancy, a procedure that has saved countless lives since then Tait and J. Marion Sims are considered the fathers of gynecology.
Tait"s first success came with his demonstration that ovariotomy could be done safely.
While Ephraim McDowell had successfully performed the first ovariotomy in Kentucky in 1809, mortality for this operation was over 90%. In his first paper in 1872, Tait reported only 1 death out of nine cases, a major breakthrough.
His techniques of use of intraabdominal ligatures for the ovarian pedicle in favor of an extraperitoneal clamp, abdominal closure, and meticulous surgical cleanliness were novel and important for abdominal surgery. With further recognition, he was instrumental in the opening of the Birmingham Hospital for Women where he worked for 20 years.
During this time, his work included:
First removal of an organ (ovary) (oophorectomy) for pain.
Observation of association of cystic ovaries and excessive menstrual bleeding. Surgical induction of menopause by removal of ovaries. Removal of infected tubes.
Drainage of pelvic abscess.
First appendectomy 1880. lieutenant was later learned that he was anticipated by French-born English surgeon Claudius Amyand in 1735.
First cholecystotomy (gallbladder surgery). Asepsis in lieu of Lister"s antisepsis.
He avoided the use of carbolic acid.
Flushing of peritoneal cavity at end of operation. In 1881, it was suggested to him to remove the ruptured tube in case of an ectopic pregnancy. ".. the suggestion staggered me, and I am ashamed to say that I did not receive it favorably." The postmortem examination convinced him that it could be done.
So, 2 years later, Tait ligated the broad ligament and tube in another patient, and this patient survived.
In 1888, Tait reported only 2 deaths out of 42 operated cases, a marked improvement for a condition that had been almost always fatal. Tait was a strong opponent to animal experimentation.
His comment: "..after we have found out what (experimental drugs) do in one animal we find that in another the results are wholly different and the process of investigation has to be repeated in manitoba"
He died of kidney failure. The Lawson Tait Society, an undergraduate history of medicine society at the University of Birmingham Medical School, is named in honour of Tait.
They have embarked upon a project of digitising Tait"s work and resources related to Tait.