(Excerpt from M. M. Kovalevsky Not since the death of Tol...)
Excerpt from M. M. Kovalevsky Not since the death of Tolstoy has Russia sustained so great a loss as she did when Maxim Maximovich Kovalevsky ceased to be. Russia and the rest of Europe are passing now through a bloody period in their history, when human life seems to have lost all value, when men are swept away by thousands and even millions. The living have become accustomed to this elemental sway that death holds in the most intimate relations of their life. But all these millions of individual deaths are of more or less local concern; the report of each one of them carries the grim message of misfortune only to some one corner of the countries plunged into madness. The death of Kovalevsky, like the death of Tolstoy, is not of merely local concern. Deaths like these arouse the whole nation, from one end to the other, throughout all the social strata. And not the nation alone, but the whole world. There was much in common between these two intellectual giants of Russia, no matter how different they were in so many respects. Each of them typified Russia in his own way. Each loved Russia with his whole heart; devoted to his native land every thought, every feeling. Each, through his achievements, rendered his country inestimable service by raising her higher amongst the nations of the world, higher in that most precious of all attainments: intellectual achievement. Each was widely known and generally loved. And the death of each was a blow that brought deep pain, poignant regret, a heavy sense of personal bereavement to millions of hearts. Objectively, in their relations with others and with everything about them, they had much in common; but subjectively, they were different. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from Russia in the Far East The Russian Question...)
Excerpt from Russia in the Far East The Russian Question in Paris and in Washing tom - The idea of Moral Trusteeship. - Three Conceptions of Russia - The Purpose of the Book. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from The Russian Review, Vol. 1: A Monthly Magazi...)
Excerpt from The Russian Review, Vol. 1: A Monthly Magazine, Devoted to Russian Life, Literature and Art; April, 1916 Oh! Then, Alexis, cease thy lay, Nor think that Fame will ever pay For time thus idly thrown away, Or add to thy celebrity! About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(Excerpt from The Economics of Communism: With Special Ref...)
Excerpt from The Economics of Communism: With Special Reference to Russia's Experiment Government.* It begins with two fundamental enti ties, the state and the classes, and gives, first of all, the Communist views on the relation between the two. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Leo Pasvolsky was born on April 22, 1893 in in Pavlograd, Russian Empire (now, Pavlograd, Dnepropetrovsk district, Ukraine). He was the son of Michael and Maria Pasvolsky. His father was an anti-czarist journalist; after the abortive revolution of 1905 the family immigrated to Philadelphia, later settling in New York City.
Leo Pasvolsky graduated from Central High School, Philadelphia, and from the College of the City of New York (Bachelor of Arts, 1916). Abandoning the idea of an engineering education because he lacked mathematical aptitude, he studied political science and economics at Columbia University for three terms between 1916 and 1925. He studied in 1932 - 1933 at the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva. In 1936 Leo Paslovsky received an honorary Ph. D. from Brookings.
Leo Pasvolsky edited the monthly (later quarterly) Russian Review, the monthly Amerikanskii viestnik ("American Messenger"), and the daily Russkoye slovo ("Russian Word"). He also translated stories by Aleksandr Kuprin as The Bracelet of Garnets (1917), with an introduction by William Lyon Phelps. Pasvolsky's delight in the Kerensky provisional government of his native land was followed by hysterical alarm at the Bolshevik Revolution. Like many more experienced observers, he predicted that the latter regime would soon collapse. In 1918 he gave up some of his editing to join the War Work Extension of the United States Department of the Interior and was a member of the New York City Mayor's Committee on National Defense. Pasvolsky reported the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 for the Brooklyn Eagle and New York Tribune, and covered the Washington Naval Conference (November 1921 - February 1922) for the Baltimore Sun. His book The Economics of Communism, With Special Reference to Russia's Experiment (1921) contended that "Communism is impossible without the application of compulsion; but economic production is impossible with such compulsion. " Russia in the Far East (1922) urged that the United States prevent disruption in that area by "an idealistic international policy. "
In 1922 Pasvolsky joined the staff of the Institute of Economics in Washington, D. C. , which five years later became by merger the Brookings Institution. Here he prepared, sometimes in collaboration with Harold G. Moulton and others, post-World War I economic studies, including Russian Debts and Russian Reconstruction (1924), World War Debt Settlements (1926), Economic Nationalism of the Danubian States (1928), Bulgaria's Economic Position (1930), and War Debts and World Prosperity (1932), the last of which was translated into several languages. In 1932-1933 he was a member of the committee of the International Chamber of Commerce that prepared a draft report for the World Monetary and Economic Conference. Acting as an observer for Brookings at the conference, he presented a paper on "The Necessity for a Stable International Monetary Standard"; this was the gold standard, which was the object of the conference until the meeting was rendered useless by the decision of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to put price-raising in the United States ahead of control of international exchanges. Pasvolsky expanded his paper into Current Monetary Issues (1933), a Brookings report of the Washington, London, and Geneva conferences.
In 1934 Pasvolsky served as an economist in the United States Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, and the next year he joined the Division of Trade Agreements of the Department of State. In 1936 he collaborated on The Recovery Problem in the United States, a Brookings study in which he was more approving of the New Deal than he had been earlier. In the same year he was appointed special assistant to Secretary of State Cordell Hull. He became Hull's trusted adviser, forwarded the reciprocal trade agreements program, and was the ready supplier of memoranda on numerous international questions. In 1939 the State Department recognized that a European war probably was inevitable, and Pasvolsky was assigned to coordinate studies of many specialists on the resources of foreign countries. In 1941 he became chief of the Division of Special Research and director of the Committee on Postwar Problems. Thus, long before the war ended, Pasvolsky began preparing the proposals for international organization that the United States would make to other governments at Dumbarton Oaks in August 1944.
In 1943 Undersecretary Sumner Welles resigned after disagreements with Hull and Pasvolsky; Edward R. Stettinius replaced him and presided at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference, where Pasvolsky was chairman of the Joint Formulations Group. When Stettinius succeeded Hull in December 1944, Pasvolsky's firsthand familiarity with plans for the United Nations and the International Court of Justice proved invaluable to the secretary. Pasvolsky applied his knowledge and goodwill in definitive ways at the San Francisco Conference in 1945. He urged trusteeship to protect the "no territorial aggrandizement" clause of the Atlantic Charter; he reconciled the Act of Chapultepec with the broader security provisions of the United Nations, and he gave the veto in the Security Council an interpretation acceptable to the smaller powers. In these and other negotiations Pasvolsky worked with Arkadi A. Sobolev of the Soviet Union. Each able, experienced, and discreet, they trusted each other intellectually and, despite vast political differences, were at one in their belief that the United Nations was feasible, desirable in the broadest sense, and in the deepest interests of both their countries. Pasvolsky was chairman of the Coordinating Committee on the wording of the United Nations Charter, and in this capacity gave the document its final form.
Pasvolsky was the agent of the State Department in explaining the United Nations Charter to national organizations and in hearings of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee (July 1945). He was a member of the Bretton Woods conference in 1946, and that year left the State Department to become director of international studies of the Brookings Institution. He began work on an ambitious history of the United Nations charter, which was completed after his death by Ruth B. Russell. He died on May 5, 1953 in Washington, D. C.
(Excerpt from Russia in the Far East The Russian Question...)
(Excerpt from The Economics of Communism: With Special Ref...)
(Excerpt from The Russian Review, Vol. 1: A Monthly Magazi...)
(Excerpt from M. M. Kovalevsky Not since the death of Tol...)
Leo Pasvolsky was delightfully warm and witty in private contacts, but was exceedingly modest, shunning public appearances in Washington. His only diversions were billiards and bridge. He was five feet, five inches tall, and his fondness for rich foods gave him a round figure, emphasized by his bald head.
Quotes from others about the person
"Leo Pasvolsky was one of those figures peculiar to Washington – a tenacious bureaucrat who, fixed on a single goal, left behind a huge legacy while virtually disappearing from history" - Richard Holbrooke.
In 1926 Leo Pasvolsky married Christine McCormick. They had no children.
