Background
He was born on July 28, 1845 at Adrian, Michigan, United States, the eldest son and second child of Elijah Holmes Pilcher and his second wife, Phebe Maria Fisk. He was a descendant of Caleb Pilcher, who settled in Dumfries.
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He was born on July 28, 1845 at Adrian, Michigan, United States, the eldest son and second child of Elijah Holmes Pilcher and his second wife, Phebe Maria Fisk. He was a descendant of Caleb Pilcher, who settled in Dumfries.
Lewis prepared for college at the Ann Arbor high school and received the degree of A. B. at the University of Michigan in 1862 and that of A. M. in 1863. In 186, he was given his medical degree by the University of Michigan in 1866.
Enlisting as a hospital steward in the Union army in February 1864, he served with the 2nd United States Colored Cavalry in Virginia, and in a general hospital in Springfield, Missouri.
Returning home in 1865, he worked a term of hospital duty in Detroit, went to New York, where for a time he was connected with Bellevue Hospital.
In 1867 he entered the medical corps of the navy. After five years of varied sea and hospital duty he resigned his commission and settled in Brooklyn. With a view to a career in surgery he accepted appointment as adjunct professor of anatomy in the Long Island College of Medicine, but for some time he failed to make any suitable hospital connection. This he accomplished in 1887, however, when the Methodist Episcopal Hospital of Brooklyn, which he assisted in founding, was opened.
In 1878, with others, he formed the Brooklyn Anatomical and Surgical Society and was elected its president and coeditor, with Dr. George S. Fowler, of the society's transactions. Originally these were published each month as the Annals of the Anatomical and Surgical Society. After the first year the name was changed to Annals of Anatomy and Surgery. Suspending its publication at the end of 1883, the editors went to Europe together for graduate study.
Upon Pilcher's return he was asked by James H. Chambers, publisher of the St. Louis Weekly Medical Review, to become editor of a "strictly surgical journal, of a high class. " As a result, the opening issue of the Annals of Surgery appeared in January 1885. For fifty years thereafter, up to within a few months of his death, Pilcher gave close attention to the editing of this journal. In 1897 it passed into the ownership of the J. B. Lippincott Company of Philadelphia, but with no change in Pilcher's editorial status.
He served the Methodist Episcopal Hospital for twenty years, 1887-1907, and the German Hospital of Brooklyn from 1900 to 1908. In 1910 he organized his own private hospital, which he carried on until 1918, when he retired from practice. At various times he served on the staffs of the Wyckoff Heights, Jewish, Bushwick, St. John's Norwegian, and Bethany Deaconess hospitals, all in Brooklyn.
In 1885 he was appointed professor of clinical surgery at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School, a post he held for ten years. From 1913 to 1928 he was a member of the state board of medical examiners. He was president of the Medical Society of the State of New York in 1892 and president of the Medical Society of the County of Kings in 1900.
In 1907 he joined the U. S. Grant Post of the Grand Army of the Republic in Brooklyn, and from that time was very active in Grand Army affairs. He became commander of the post and of the Department of New York. In 1915 he was elected surgeon general of the national organization, and in 1921 at the national encampment in Indianapolis he was chosen as commander-in-chief.
In 1918 he published a volume of two hundred pages entitled A List of Books by Some of the Old Masters of Medicine and Surgery, Together with Books on the History of Medicine and on Medical Biography.
Though he found in the latter part of his life much time for travel, Pilcher conducted his editorial work into his ninetieth year, still physically and mentally fit. A progressive arteriosclerosis incapacitated him for work in the summer of 1934, and caused his death in that year.
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He was a member of the American Surgical Association and of the American College of Surgeons.
Quotes from others about the person
Dr. William Mayo, referring to some of the early writings of Pilcher and the author: "Many of those papers as they appeared in the Annals, were wonderfully improved in English and sometimes in fact, by the kindly, friendly, helpful corrections of the editor. These I noted with care and profit, and to few men do I owe so much as I do to Lewis Stephen Pilcher"
While in the service of the navy he was married, June 22, 1870, to Martha Susan Phillips of Brooklyn. To them were born three sons, Lewis Frederick, Paul Monroe, and James Taft, and a daughter, Sarah. The two younger sons followed their father in the study of medicine and the practice of surgery. Paul Monroe Pilcher, associated with his father in his private hospital, died in January 1917. James, the youngest son, followed his father's literary lead and became managing editor of the Annals of Surgery.