Background
Born in Muniesa near Saragossa on June 29, 1628, Miguel de Molinos received a doctorate in theology from the University of Valencia.
(Este libro presenta la lógica proposicional y la lógica d...)
Este libro presenta la lógica proposicional y la lógica de primer orden en un contexto pensado especialmente para estudiantes de filosofía, es decir, con el rigor que debe tener la ciencia pero sin perder la dimensión humanística que tradicionalmente la disciplina ha tenido. En la primera parte se establece una demarcación entre inferencias inductivas y deductivas y se explica la necesidad de la introducción de los lenguajes formales. En la segunda parte se desarrolla la lógica proposicional, llegando a presentar los dos conceptos centrales del curso en ese marco: la consecuencia semántica y la consecuencia sintáctica, de las que se estudian algunas características. En la tercera parte se hace lo mismo para la lógica de primer orden, y la cuarta se dedica a la metateoría. A lo largo de todo el desarrollo se presentan consideraciones históricas y filosóficas, que van desde las lenguas analíticas hasta los contextos indirectos fregeanos, pasando por las descripciones definidas, la relación de la lógica aristotélica con ciertas metafísicas, la relación de la lógica intuicionista con las filosofías antirrealistas, el argumento ontológico en la versión de Descartes, y otros aspectos tradicionalmente filosóficos en los que el aporte de la lógica es especialmente pertinente. Se presenta una selección de ejercicios y problemas, que incluye situaciones muy simples pensadas para que el lector compruebe si ha comprendido los conceptos básicos y también cuestiones mucho más desafiantes que pueden dar lugar a amplias reflexiones. No se espera del lector ninguna formación matemática previa, pero sí el deseo de pensar arduamente sobre problemas apasionantes.
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(This open access book disseminates some of the results of...)
This open access book disseminates some of the results of the European H2020 AiRT Project (Technology transfer of RPAs for the creative industry). In particular, it presents findings related to mitigating safety and security concerns when civil drones are piloted by the service sector (mainly, the creative industry). European policies regarding drones generally focus on outdoor drones, but they are also used indoors. Moreover, a number of European countries have fragmented regulations on drone use, and as a result, European institutions are attempting address these issues. This work is based on a detailed study of the European policies, a comparative analysis of the regulation in various European countries, an analysis of the drone sector in Europe, and primary data from members of the creative industry. The authors created focus groups in Spain, the UK and Belgium in order to discuss with the creative industry the concerns on safety and security when using civil drones for their work. Based on these results, the book offers advice to the European industry, as well as new insights for academics and policymakers. This book is open access under a CC BY license.
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(The Inquisition ordered this book to the Church's "Index ...)
The Inquisition ordered this book to the Church's "Index Expurgatorius," and Molinos was condemned to life imprisonment for writing about a personal relationship with God through intense devotion, internal reflection and meditation. After all, what would happen to the Church if the people didn't feel they needed it anymore? A table of content was added in front of this edition rather than at the end like the original. Additionally we have prominently displayed the chapter on top of each page to make the text easier to navigate.We have resisted the temptation to "English the text," preferring instead to maintain historical accuracy which the Old English affords scholars. Whether your interest is in Scientific Illuminism, comparative religion, religious history or simple curiosity, we know that our edition of this important work will make a lasting impression upon you.
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(La Guía espiritual fue denunciada por el cardenal DEstrée...)
La Guía espiritual fue denunciada por el cardenal DEstrées, embajador en Roma del rey de Francia Luis XIV y que había sido su amigo. Entonces Miguel de Molinos fue apresado junto con algunos de sus discípulos el 18 de julio de 1685, procesado «por inmoralidad y heterodoxia» y condenado en 1687 a reclusión perpetua, siempre vestido con un hábito penitencial, a recitar el Credo y un tercio del Rosario, y confesarse cuatro veces al año. Molinos abjuró de su doctrina en la iglesia de Santa María sopra Minerva el 13 de septiembre de 1687. La Guía espiritual fue traducida al latín, francés, holandés, italiano, alemán e inglés;en quince años hubo veinte ediciones en diversas lenguas. El quietismo tuvo repercusión sobre todo en Italia, donde cardenales como Casanata, Carpegna, Azzolini y el mismo DEstrées entablaron amistad con Molinos, y otros como Coloredi, Cíceri y Petrucci, obispo de Jesi, asumieron sus ideas;incluso el propio papa Inocencio XI pensó en nombrarlo cardenal. En Francia difundieron el quietismo el padre François Lacombe, madame Jeanne Guyon y Fénelon, que apoyó las doctrinas de éste sobre el amor divino.
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(First written in 1675 by Miguel de Molinos, The Spiritual...)
First written in 1675 by Miguel de Molinos, The Spiritual Guide still carries advice and information relevant to the art of interior prayer today. In the seventeenth century it provoked sensational reactions, both of approval and controversy. This is the present-day reader's chance to discover a text, whose promotion of an 'interior way to contemplation and the rich treasure of inner peace', induced the praise of notable clerics within Europe, and simultaneously the Inquisition's condemnation. What makes Molinos's teaching so unusual is his appeal to the ordinary layperson and not simply to those in the cloister. A very readable work of traditional mystical teaching, the book distinguishes between the 'exterior' method of worship taught by the church and the 'interior' method Molinos advocates. Molinos writes not only for those at the beginning of their journey towards mystical prayer, but also for those in the higher reaches of contemplation. Trevor Boiling's sympathetic and accurate translation includes an incisive introduction, which provides a historical background to the text, whose ideas brought Molinos inner peace, but also to his own death. "You must realise that your soul is the centre, dwelling place and kingdom of God. But for that mighty king to rest on this throne of your soul, you must endeavour to keep it unblemished, quiet, empty and calm." Extract from First Book, The Spiritual Guide
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("My only scope was to teach the naked truth, with humilit...)
"My only scope was to teach the naked truth, with humility, sincerity, and perspicuity." Thus open Miguel Molinos' Spiritual Guide. Miguel Molinos was a pious, 17th century mystic and the founder of Quietism. Eventually his Quietist teachings were condemned, and he was jailed. Nevertheless, for a few years, his book Spiritual Guide was widely circulated. (It was even translated into every language in Europe at the time, within six years of its release.) In it, Molinos claims that true spirituality consists in passive reflection of God and withdrawal from the world. He interacts with many of the Church fathers, often citing their work. The overarching purpose of Spiritual Guide is to encourage believers to conform their will to that of God's. This version also includes a lesser-known work of Molinos: Brief Treatise Concerning Daily Communion. In that work, Molinos argues that believers should be allowed to take communion every day for their own spiritual benefit. Spiritual Guide is a controversial work, but many believers have found it spiritual food enlightening and helpful. Tim Perrine CCEL Staff Writer This edition features an artistic cover, a new promotional introduction, an index of scripture references, links for scripture references to the appropriate passages, and a hierarchical table of contents which makes it possible to navigate to any part of the book with a minimum of page turns.
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(The famous Spiritual Guide of Miguel de Molinos. An Engli...)
The famous Spiritual Guide of Miguel de Molinos. An English translation printed in London in 1688.
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(So Powerful was its influence on Europe that within 6 yea...)
So Powerful was its influence on Europe that within 6 years of its release this book had been translated into every language in Western Europe. In Naples, Italy it was said that 20,000 Christians gathered in small groups to practice inward prayer. Michael Molinos came closer to reforming the Catholic Church than any other single man in history, yet he ended up sealed in a dungeon, his book condemned. A man so controversial that even until today the Vatican will not release the transcript of his (secret) trial. Now for the first time ever, this book appears in modern English. The first Enlgish language release in over a hundred years. Included in the book is the first biography of Michael Molinos to appear in English in over 100 years.
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(Entre las voces de su generacion, la de Molina se disting...)
Entre las voces de su generacion, la de Molina se distingue por la claridad y el buen decir. La suya es una poesia formal que no parece serlo. Aqui y alla se agita algun soneto, brota de una decima, se escucha el eco de una rima, pero sobre todo palpita en sus versos una fuerza melodica que no deja de movernos con fuerza y seguridad hacia el origen o la meta de la palabra hablada. A fuerza de palabras, estos ojos llenos de paxil nos sirven para ver otra esquina del mundo. Ahi esta: es lo cotidiano que ha dejado de serlo y nos rodea de pronto con otros rasgos. Lo de siempre es ahora lo de nunca antes, y el solo hecho de haberlo visto de otra forma elimina definitivamente la posibilidad de que vuelva a ser como era. Esa mirada va mas alla -es decir, mas aca- del universo externo. Mientras todo a su alrededor es un mundo impuesto por el orden, en el centro del ojo se agolpan las imegenes que el tiempo fue acumulando en un inventario caprichoso e intenso. Pero si se trata de poesia sobran las palabras. Mejor veamos, dejemonos llevar por los versos que vienen en voz alta, en compania del poeta, para ver con simple asombro, como si fuera un dios cansado, el universo que su poesia formo. Con eso basta. (W. Lollard.)
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Born in Muniesa near Saragossa on June 29, 1628, Miguel de Molinos received a doctorate in theology from the University of Valencia.
He moved to Valencia in his youth and undertook religious education with the Jesuits there at the College of St Paul.
In 1663 he was sent to Rome as promoter for the canonization of a Valencia citizen. The case fell through, but Molinos stayed in Rome and became widely known as a spiritual director.
Just when victory seemed complete, the powerful archbishop of Naples, Caracciolo, warned the Pope against the dangers of "those quietists" (the first time the term was used).
In 1685 Molinos was arrested, and his writings, including 12, 000 letters, were thoroughly examined by the Holy Office. Persistent rumors have it that the French cardinal D'Estrée, representative of Louis XIV, was behind the entire scheme. At any rate, Molinos was declared guilty not only of doctrinal errors but also of immoral conduct. The latter accusation has continued to intrigue students of Church history, since the man had always been known for his exemplary life.
Chances are that the charges were trumped up on the basis of a malevolent interpretation of certain passages in the letters. A public session was organized in Rome on September 3, 1687, and Molinos admitted the 68 errors with which he was charged. In front of a hostile crowd the tribunal condemned him to life imprisonment.
He died in prison on December 28, 1696. However, Quietism did not die with him.
While Molinos was in prison, it even entered the very court of France that may have been responsible for his condemnation. One of his disciples, Madame Guyon, ardently publicized Quietist spirituality in France and through the King's favorite, Madame de Maintenon, enjoyed all the marks of royal approval. When Madame Guyon in turn came under fire, Bishop François Fénelon rose to her defense and expanded the Quietist doctrine.
(Este libro presenta la lógica proposicional y la lógica d...)
(The Inquisition ordered this book to the Church's "Index ...)
(This open access book disseminates some of the results of...)
(First written in 1675 by Miguel de Molinos, The Spiritual...)
(So Powerful was its influence on Europe that within 6 yea...)
(La Guía espiritual fue denunciada por el cardenal DEstrée...)
(Entre las voces de su generacion, la de Molina se disting...)
("My only scope was to teach the naked truth, with humilit...)
(The famous Spiritual Guide of Miguel de Molinos. An Engli...)
("Guía Espiritual", de Miguel de Molinos. Miguel de Molino...)
(Guía espiritual. MIGUEL DE MOLINOS España 1628 - 1696)
For the last three centuries, Molinos has chiefly been known as the main proponent of the most fundamental mystical heresy in Catholicism, a heresy which has come to be the touchstone for doctrinal judgements about correct and incorrect claims for mystical contact with God. Most assessments of him have been accordingly negative.
His attitude was opposed to all strenuous ascetic efforts, even the need to fight one's evil nature. The emphasis is entirely on inner quiet, resignation, and abandonment to the will of God. His doctrine had, to some extent, been anticipated by the Alumbrados, the Enlightened Ones, a spiritual movement in 16th-and 17th-century Spain which he must have known.
Although Molinos's book displayed all the customary signs of ecclesiastical approval, it was immediately denounced by the Jesuits, whose method of "spiritual exercises" was diametrically opposed to his pure passivity. Yet several powerful dignitaries came to his rescue, and his adversaries saw their own attacks placed on the Index.
Quotes from others about the person
William James, in The Varieties of Religious Experience said he was a "spiritual genius".