Education
Moscow State University.
editor journalist philanthropist writer
Moscow State University.
Frequently considered to be the first Russian journalist, he aimed at advancing the cultural and educational level of the Russian public. Novikov belonged to the first generation of Russians that benefited from the creation of the Moscow University in 1755. He took an active part in the Legislative Assembly of 1767, which sought to produce a new code of laws.
Inspired by this kind of freethinking activity, he took over editing the Moscow Gazette and launched satirical journals, patterned after The Tatler and The Spectator.
His attacks on the existing social customs prompted jocund retorts from Catherine the Great, who even set her own journal called Vsyakaya vsyachina to comment on Novikov"s articles Novikov"s press produced a third part of contemporary Russian books and several newspapers.
Novikov used his influence for various noble purposes, such as a large-scale project of promoting Shakespeare to Russian public. When the French Revolution started, Catherine changed her attitude towards the likes of Novikov.
His printing-house was confiscated.
Three years later, without a formal trial, he was incarcerated in the Shlisselburg Fortress for 15 years. Much of his printed material was pulped, including 1,000 copies of Edward Young"s The Last Day (1713). Emperor Paul set Novikov free, but the latter was too scared and broken-hearted to resume his journalistic activities.