Party work in North; 1917-1918 comissar. Southwestern Front; from August 1918 with Soviet forces in the North. Comissar, 6th Army; then member, Revol Military Councils of 3rd and 6th Armies.
Military comissar, Baltic Fleet. Commander, 12th Army. Assistant commander, Baltic Fleet.
1925-1934 member, Revol Military Council and head, Polit Board, Turkestani Front. Head, Red Army’s Main Military Training Establishments Board. Member, Revol Military Council and head, Polit Board, Siberian Military district.
Then dipl, admin and Party work. Arrested by State Security organs.
Religious leaders contribute to secular and religious wars by endorsing or supporting the violence.
The emphasis on peaceful coexistence doesn’t mean that the Soviet Union accepted a static world with clear lines. Socialism is inevitable and the "correlations of forces" were moving towards socialism.
Communist Party member from 1903.