New And Improved Camp Meeting Hymn Book: Being A Choice Selection Of Hymns From The Most Approved Authors ; Designed To Aid In The Public And Private
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The Methodist E. Church And Slavery. Containing Also The Views Of The English Wesleyan Methodist Church With Regard To Slavery; And A Treatise On The ... Compromising A Book Of Interesting Facts
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Orange Scott was an American Methodist Episcopal minister, antislavery leader. He was appointed by Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church to be President of the Providence District.
Background
Orange was born on February 13, 1800 in Brookfield, Vermont, United States, the eldest of the eight children of Lucy (Whitney) and Samuel Scott, a laboring man. The family lived at various places in Vermont and spent six years in Stanstead in Lower Canada.
Education
The boy's total schooling was about thirteen months.
Career
Late in 1820 Orange Scott was working as a farm laborer, but he was soon giving his Sundays to religious work, assisting the Methodist preacher in charge of the local circuit. His success was such that in November 1821 he gave up farming entirely and began the work of a circuit preacher.
In 1822 he was received into the New England Conference on trial and by 1825 was a fully ordained minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church. His advancement was rapid, and within a few years he became, through reading and private study, a most effective speaker.
His first important church was in Charlestown, Massachussets, where he achieved considerable distinction through a public discussion with a Universalist minister. In 1829, after serving a number of smaller circuits, he was sent to Springfield, Massachussets, the next year was made presiding elder of that district, and in 1831 was delegate to the General Conference.
In 1833 he came in contact for the first time with the antislavery movement and was soon an ardent abolitionist. Appointed presiding elder of the Providence district in 1834 he took the leadership in a movement to open the columns of Zion's Herald, the Methodist paper in Boston, to a discussion of the slavery issue. This was accomplished, and he became the most active contributor. He also began to deliver public lectures on slavery in the larger New England cities.
When the slavery question came before the General Conference of 1836 at Cincinnati, he made an Address (1836) on the subject and was a recognized abolition leader. As a consequence of this abolition activity the bishop refused to reappoint him to the Providence district. After a year's pastorate at Lowell, Massachussets, he accepted an agency for the American Anti-Slavery Society and spoke throughout New England and New York.
In 1839 Scott with Jotham Horton undertook the publication of the American Wesleyan Observer to plead the abolition cause among Methodists in preparation for the General Conference of 1840.
He was a member of that Conference and again led the abolition forces. He became again the pastor of St. Paul's Church in Lowell, Massachussets, chosen regardless of episcopal authority. This action led to a bitter fight with the appointing authorities, which was one of the reasons that made Scott consider withdrawal from the Methodist Episcopal Church. The secession movement rapidly developed under Scott's leadership, ably assisted by Jotham Horton and LaRoy Sunderland. These three leaders withdrew from the Methodist Episcopal Church on November 8, 1841.
A preliminary convention at Andover, Massachussets, on February 1, 1843, provided for a general convention at Utica, New York, on May 31.
Scott was the president of the Utica convention, and there the Wesleyan Methodist Connection of America was formed. In the interests of this new Wesleyan Methodist Church he became the publishing agent in charge of the True Wesleyan, and when this business was moved to New York City he took up his residence at Newark, New Jersey, though his family remained in Newbury, Vermont.
In 1845 he made an extended tour of the western states that proved disastrous to his health, which had been failing for some time. In 1846 he published his reasons for his withdrawal in a book, The Grounds of Secession from the M. E. Church: Being an Examination of her Connection with Slavery, and Also of her Form of Government. In 1846 he took his family to Newark and attempted to continue his work; but his condition grew rapidly worse, and he died at his home in Newark.
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Religion
Orange was converted to Christ (1820) and became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He soon began to preach weekly or fortnightly.
Views
Quotations:
Reverend Scott: "I assumed the position that the principle of slavery - the principle which justifies holding and treating the human species as property, is morally wrong - or, in other words, that it is a sin. The principle, I contended, aside from all circumstances, is evil, ONLY EVIL, and that CONTINUALLY! I
Connections
On May 7, 1826, Orange Scott was married to Amy Fletcher of Lyndon, Vermont, who died in April 1835 leaving five children. He was survived by his widow, Eliza (Dearborn) Scott, whom he had married on October 6, 1835. They had two children.