Background
Owen Reed Lovejoy was born on September 9, 1866 in Jamestown, Michigan, United States, a small farming community southwest of Grand Rapids, the son of Hiram Reed Lovejoy and Harriett Helen Robinson.
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Owen Reed Lovejoy was born on September 9, 1866 in Jamestown, Michigan, United States, a small farming community southwest of Grand Rapids, the son of Hiram Reed Lovejoy and Harriett Helen Robinson.
Lovejoy attended the local schools. He was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree from Albion College in 1891. Three years later he received the Master of Arts degree there.
Lovejoy entered the ministry in 1891, and held pastorates at several Methodist churches in Michigan. In 1898 he was called to the First Congregational Church in Mount Vernon, New York. During the anthracite coal strike of 1902, Lovejoy was sent by a group of Mount Vernon citizens to Pennsylvania to observe conditions. Traveling through the strife-torn region, he came to know the miners and their families--their homes, their work, and their problems. He returned to Mount Vernon with a graphic view of the scene and a grave concern about the injustices he had witnessed.
In July 1904, Lovejoy was sent by the newly created National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) to the Pennsylvania coal fields to survey child labor in the breakers. He already knew something of child labor. One of his arms bore the scar of an accident he had suffered as a boy while tending a machine in a Michigan factory, and he had witnessed the evil and its ugly effects during his earlier trip to the Pennsylvania coalmining region. Nevertheless, his visit to the breakers in 1904 had a profound impact on him. As a result, in October 1904, when Lovejoy was asked to give up his comfortable Mount Vernon parish to become one of the NCLC's two paid full-time assistant secretaries, he quickly accepted the offer. He never regretted doing so, for he found in social work a welcome medium for the exercise of his passion for service to humanity that the church apparently did not offer.
The NCLC became another pulpit for Lovejoy, especially after 1907, when he became its general secretary and traveled throughout the nation to present the child labor problem to the American people. Lovejoy's earnestness and zeal were invaluable weapons in the war against child labor, not only in the nation's mines but also in its factories and fields and on its city streets. He showed himself there as an excellent administrator who assembled, and managed to maintain, a large and strong staff of field investigators, legislative agents, board members, and fund raisers. He resigned as head of the NCLC in 1926.
Lovejoy was an ardent champion of many other causes. He went to Lawrence, Massachusetts, in 1912 to get a firsthand view of the situation during the famous textile workers' strike. He condemned the use of troops and the suppression of peaceful picketing by the workers in that troubled industrial center. That same year he chaired the National Conference of Charities and Correction's Committee on Standards of Living and Labor, which drafted a platform of minimum social standards for industry; it was incorporated in the 1912 Progressive party platform, and many of the reforms it proposed were enacted during Woodrow Wilson's administration. In recognition of these and numerous other efforts, Lovejoy was elected president of the National Conference of Social Work (NCSW) in 1920. Lovejoy did not desert the nation's underprivileged children when he left the NCLC in 1926. He remained on the organization's board of trustees and its executive committee, and accepted a full-time position as secretary of the Children's Aid Society of New York, a post he held from 1927 to 1935.
In the latter year he became associate director of the American Youth Commission, a private agency established under the auspices of the American Council on Education to formulate plans for the better care and education of American youth. Before retiring in 1939, Lovejoy directed the commission's field studies in Maryland, Indiana, and Texas. The reports of these studies are still considered social documents of major significance. After his retirement he lived on a farm in Biglerville, Pennsylvania.
Lovejoy became famous for his contributions to the development of the social welfare. He was distinguished for his work as the general secretary of the National Child Labor Committee from 1907 to 1926. Under his leadership, child labor conditions had improved enormously. He helped organize a Sociological Club that invited noted speakers to its bimonthly meetings to discuss social and industrial problems.
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Lovejoy was a man of abiding faith and hope and he believed deeply in the divine purposefulness of life lived in conformity with God's will.
Quotations: "After I had seen those little boys day after day carrying their lunch pails to the breakers every morning like grown men, bending all day over dusty coal chutes, and finally dragging themselves home in the dark of night, I couldn't think of anything else. Sights like those cling to you. I dreamed about those boys. "
Lovejoy was a man of broad interests who had a passionate concern for human rights. He was an extremely effective public speaker who also had an unusual ability to discover the facts, interpret them, and present them clearly in writing.
On June 30, 1892, Lovejoy married Jennie Evalyn Campbell. They had five children, of whom only two sons survived to adulthood. Jennie Lovejoy died in 1929. In 1937, Lovejoy married Kate Calkins Drake.