Background
Robert Monckton was the second son of John Monckton, created Viscount Galway in 1727, and of his wife Lady Elizabeth Manners, daughter of the second Duke of Rutland.
(The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration a...)
The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars. Delve into what it was like to live during the eighteenth century by reading the first-hand accounts of everyday people, including city dwellers and farmers, businessmen and bankers, artisans and merchants, artists and their patrons, politicians and their constituents. Original texts make the American, French, and Industrial revolutions vividly contemporary. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ British Library T002389 London : printed for James Robson, 1764. 98p. ; 8°
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Robert Monckton was the second son of John Monckton, created Viscount Galway in 1727, and of his wife Lady Elizabeth Manners, daughter of the second Duke of Rutland.
Monckton entered the 3rd Foot Guards in 1741, became a captain in the 34th in 1744 and major in 1747. He served at Dettingen and at Fontenoy. In 1751, he became lieutenant-colonel of the 47th and followed his father as a member of Parliament for Pontefract. After joining his regiment in Nova Scotia in 1752, Monckton commanded at Fort Lawrence from August to June 1753, when he was appointed a provincial councilor. In December, he quelled an insurrection of German immigrants at Lunenburg by "moderate management and most judicious measures" rather than by force.
In June 1755, at the head of 270 regulars and nearly 2, 000 New Englanders, he accomplished the only successful British action of the summer, taking Fort Beausejour in an admirably executed two weeks' campaign and destroying the French control of the isthmus. For his "zeal and ability" in this service, he was made lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia. Until November he remained in Chignecto and followed Gov. Charles Lawrence's orders in destroying French villages and in collecting 1, 100 French inhabitants for removal southward. In 1756, he was disciplining the 600 new recruits of his regiment in his customary kindly, firm manner, and in December 1757 he was appointed colonel of the 2nd Battalion of the Royal American Regiment. In 1758, he acted as governor in Lawrence's absence, commanded in Nova Scotia during Amherst's siege of Louisbourg, and from September to November led an expedition up the River St. John to reduce that section to British obedience. Though Amherst had designed him to succeed Forbes as commander in the south, he was selected by Wolfe in England, and approved by Pitt, as second in command of the Quebec expedition of 1759, with the temporary rank of brigadier-general. He was at the actions of Point Lévis and Montmorency was wounded through the lungs at the battle of the Plains and commanded in Canada until ill health forced him south. In October, he became colonel of the 17th. In 1760, he received from Amherst the command of the southern district and was at various posts in Pennsylvania and western New York.
In 1761, saw his merits gain full recognition, for he was named the governor of New York, major-general, and commander-in-chief of an expedition against Martinique. Sailing in November, he effected in conjunction with Admiral Rodney the surrender of the island by February 5, in a sharp, soldierly campaign. In June, he returned to assume his government of New York, where his "easy disposition" scarcely fitted him for rigorous administration, and a year later left for England. In 1764, a court-martial triumphantly acquitted him of a trumpery charge brought against him by a cashiered officer, Colin Campbell. In 1765, he became governor of Berwick-on-Tweed; in 1770 lieutenant-general. Three years later, he petitioned both King and Parliament for the appointment in India as second in command under Warren Hastings; he was offered instead of the chief command in North America, which he refused. The next year he represented Pontefract in Parliament, and in 1778 Portsmouth, having been appointed the governor of Portsmouth.
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There is no record of his marriage, but Monckton left three sons and one daughter.