Background
John Andrews was born on April 4, 1746 in Cecil, Maryland, United States. His parents were Moses and Letitia (Cooke) Andrews.
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
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John Andrews was born on April 4, 1746 in Cecil, Maryland, United States. His parents were Moses and Letitia (Cooke) Andrews.
His parents were sufficiently well-to-do to give him a satisfactory education at the Elk School, which was a near-by Presbyterian institution.
At the College of Philadelphia, where he graduated with high honors in 1764, although, owing to the absence of the Provost, he did not receive his degree until the following year. He spent the interim in teaching in the Grammar School connected with the college. He then took charge of a classical school at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where he also studied theology under the Rev. Thomas Barton, an Anglican clergyman.
In 1767 he went to London for his ordination, after which he was appointed by the Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, a "missionary" to Lewes, Delaware. Here he remained for three years and then, his health suffering from the climate, he removed to York, Pennsylvania.
His salary proving insufficient for the support of his increasing family, he accepted a position as rector of St. John's in Queen Anne's County, Maryland, where he remained until after the Declaration of Independence. Doubting the expediency of separation from the mother country and deploring patriot outrages against Loyalists, he now returned to the quieter atmosphere of York and started a classical school there.
At this time he made the acquaintance of the unfortunate Major André, who was in York on his parole, and the British officer and the most pronounced friends of the American cause often met amicably in the house of this scholar, whose spirit was above the battle.
But in 1782 Andrews returned to Maryland as rector of St. Thomas's in Baltimore County and two years later was a prominent member of the convention which organized the Protestant Episcopal Church of Maryland as independent of British jurisdiction. Shortly afterward, as member of a conference of important Episcopalians and Methodists, he vainly urged the union of these two religious bodies, on the ground that there was not sufficient difference between them to justify their separation.
In 1785 he became head of the Protestant Episcopal Academy in Philadelphia, and in 1791, when this institution was absorbed in the University of Pennsylvania he was elected to the office of vice-provost, which included the chairs of moral philosophy and the classics.
After one of his child and wife died, he devoted himself almost entirely to his two major interests--religion and the classics. Classical scholarship in America had not yet reached the productive stage and Andrews's only published works, aside from a few sermons, were two textbooks, A Compend of Logick (1801) and Elements of Rhetorick and Belles Lettres (1813).
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
His attitude toward religion was one of classical moderation and his attitude toward the classics was one of religious fervor.
He saw much of Joseph Priestley, the famous Unitarian, during the latter's visits to Philadelphia, when Andrews would patiently listen to his arguments and then after his departure reexamine the doctrine of Christ's divinity and become more convinced of it than ever.
Member of the American Philosophical Society (1787)
In person, he was tall and portly with a square face and ruddy complexion.
"His manners were those which became a clergyman, and the Provost of a University. "
In 1772 he married Elizabeth Callender, "a lady of fine domestic qualities and great general excellence of character, " by whom he had ten children.
In 1798 one of Andrews's children was burned to death and his wife died from the shock of the news--a double loss which, it is said, he never mentioned without tears.