Background
Bennet Tyler was born on July 10, 1783 in Middlebury, Connecticut. He was the son of James and Anne (Hungerford) Tyler.
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Bennet Tyler was born on July 10, 1783 in Middlebury, Connecticut. He was the son of James and Anne (Hungerford) Tyler.
An accident when he was fifteen years of age incapacitated him for a life of manual labor and his family determined out of their meager resources to send him to college. He prepared under his pastor, the Rev. Ira Hart, and entered Yale in 1800, graduating four years later. After teaching a year in the academy at Weston, Connecticut, he studied theology with the Rev. Asahel Hooker of Goshen.
In 1807 he was invited to the church in South Britain, Connecticut.
Ordained and installed over the church June 1, 1808, he continued a highly successful ministry for fourteen years, then to his surprise, March 6, 1822, he was called to the presidency of Dartmouth College. This institution he served acceptably for six years, his most outstanding service being the raising of a fund of ten thousand dollars to aid students fitting for the ministry.
His inclinations, however, turned strongly towards the pastorate and he accepted an urgent call to the Second Church of Portland, Me. , being installed in September 1828. In this same year a sermon preached by Dr. Nathaniel W. Taylor at the Yale commencement let loose a flood of theological controversy among the New England churches, especially in Connecticut, between the "Old School" Calvinists and the "New Divinity" as promulgated from New Haven.
On September 10, 1833, forty ministers met in East Windsor, Connecticut, and resolved to establish a theological seminary-if twenty thousand dollars could be raised--to counteract, as far as possible, the harmful effects of the "New Divinity" as taught in New Haven. The money was raised in a few weeks, the corner-stone of the Theological Institute of Connecticut, now the Hartford Theological Seminary, was laid May 13, 1834, and Tyler was inducted into office as president and professor of Christian theology on the same day. This position he held for twenty-three years, resigning on account of the infirmities of age July 16, 1857.
In closing his services with the Theological Institute he delivered an address in which he set forth with great clarity and force the convictions that had governed his thinking and actions--the absolute sovereignty of a perfect God, the total depravity of human nature, the federal headship of Adam, the substitutionary death of Christ, man's natural ability but moral inability to repent, the elective grace of the Almighty, regeneration effected by the direct agency of the Holy Spirit, the endless punishment of the wicked. These doctrines he had held consistently and unchanged during all his years of public service.
After his retirement he lived less than a year, dying some two months after Nathaniel W. Taylor, his chief opponent.
In addition to numerous sermons and tracts he published Letters on the Origin and Progress of the New Haven Theology (1837), A Review of President Day's Treatise on the Will (1838), A Treatise on the Sufferings of Christ (1845), New England Revivals (1846), Letters to the Rev. Horace Bushnell Containing Strictures on His Book Entitled "Views of Christian Nurture" (two series, 1847, 1848). After his death, Lectures on Theology with a Memoir by Rev. Nahum Gale (1859) was issued.
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Being an ardent conservative and one of the ablest interpreters of the old theology, Tyler was drawn into the debate and became a recognized leader of the conservatively orthodox.
Not an original or speculative thinker, Tyler dwelt contentedly in the Calvinistic system as modified by Jonathan Edwards and tempered by Timothy Dwight. To him it was real Christianity, the complete and final revelation of the divine plan; whosoever sought to mitigate its severities or deny its logical implications, him he conscientiously opposed.
Although a fearless controversialist, he was a man of amiable disposition, genial temper, and genuine humility.
On November 12 of that year was married to Esther Stone of Middlebury.
He had six sons and six daughters; one of the daughters became the first wife of Calvin E. Stowe.