(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
Elements of the Mathematical Theory of Fluid Motion. Wave and Vortex Motion, pp. 1-177
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About the Book
Mathematics is the study of such problem...)
About the Book
Mathematics is the study of such problems as quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out and implement patterns to formulate new theories; they resolve the veracity of theories by applying mathematical proofs. When mathematical frameworks provide good replications of actual events, then mathematics can improve our predictions about natural phenomena. Using theoretical abstraction and logic, over thousands of years mathematics has developed from simple calculation and measurement, to the systematic study of the shapes and dynamics of physical objects.
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Thomas Craig was an American mathematician. He was a professor of mathematics at Johns Hopkins University from 1892 to 1900.
Background
Thomas Craig was born on December 20, 1855 in Pittston, Pennsylvania, United States. He was of Scotch descent and his parents, Alexander Craig and Mary Hall , were born in Ayrshire. The father was a mining engineer and came to America for the purpose of engaging in his profession in the coal regions of Pennsylvania.
Education
Thomas Craig was prepared for college at the Pittston Seminary, showing even in his school days notable ability in his studies. Interested in his father’s profession, he entered Lafayette College in September 1871, and was graduated four years later (1875) with the degree of civil engineer.
After teaching for a year he entered Johns Hopkins University in 1876, induced by the opportunities offered to study under the guidance of Professor Sylvester, then beginning his notable (although not his first) work in this country. His abilities were immediately recognized by the grant of a fellowship and by its extension for a period of three years (1876 - 1879). The degree of Doctor of Philosophy in mathematics was conferred upon him in 1878, he being one of the first of Sylvester’s pupils to receive it.
Career
About 1879 Craig became connected with the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, a relationship maintained for three years (1879 - 1881). He was successively a fellow, associate professor, and (1892 - 1900) professor of mathematics at Johns Hopkins University.
For many years he was a contributor to the American Journal of Mathematics, later becoming a member of the editorial staff and finally (1894 - 1899) the chief editor, his wide mathematical interests making him unusually well equipped for such a position. He also contributed to the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, to Crelle’s Journal, and to the Comptes Rendus.
His published works included Treatise on Projections (1882), prepared for the use of the Coast and Geodetic Survey; Elements of the Mathematical Theory of Fluid Motion (1879) ; and A Treatise on Linear Differential Equations; Vol. I, Equations with Uniform Coefficients (1889), a work of which he completed only the first volume. At the time of his death he was engaged in preparing a treatise on the theory of surfaces.
His closing years were less productive than those immediately following his graduate days, his failing health having limited his capacity for sustained effort. For some years he had suffered from insomnia and from heart difficulty, and the end came peacefully in his hours of sleep. Professor Simon Newcomb, under whose guidance Craig studied Königsberger’s Vorlesungen über die Theorie der elliptischen Functionen, briefly and fairly summed up his abilities as follows: “From the beginning he showed an extraordinary development of the faculty of acquisition, being able to master, almost without effort, the writings of any of the great geometers to which he was attracted. ”
Craig was married at Washington on May 4, 1880, to Louise Alvord, daughter of General Benjamin Alvord, himself the author of several mathematical works.