Career
He was, along with İbrahim Şinasi and Namık Kemal, one of the most important authors of the Tanzimat period of the Ottoman Empire. He held several offices in the state. In 1867, he went with Namık Kemal to Paris and London, where he published a newspaper called Hürriyet (Freedom).
His return to the Ottoman Empire was followed by tenures as governor of Cyprus, Amasya, Konya, Aleppo, and Adana, where he died in 1880.