He studied engineering in Munich at the Bavarian Polytechnic in 1862–1866, and later in Zurich where he graduated in 1869.
His main area of interest was the Polish Renaissance architecture. After temporary stay in Belgium, Pryliński settled in Krakow in 1872. Initially, he worked as land surveyor for the Bank of Galicia in 1873.
Soon later, he began to work as architect and construction engineer
He specialized in the Renaissance and embarked on the first ever photo-documentation of the deteriorating Wawel Castle, the traditional seat of Polish monarchs built at the behest of Casimir III the Great. He conducted conservation work at the Church of Saint Franciszek Salezy and at the Bishop"s Palace in Krakow between 1881 and 1884.
Commissioned by the patriotic Mayor Mikołaj Zyblikiewicz, in 1875 Pryliński began the restoration of Sukiennice (largely abandoned by Imperial Vienna) with the new Sukiennice Museum upstairs. The project was successfully completed and inaugurated with a ceremonial ball of October 3, 1879.
Pryliński died in Thalkirchen near Munich.
He was brought to Krakow and laid to rest at the family tomb (pictured) built at the Rakowicki Cemetery by architect Zygmunt Langman.