Education
He studied theology at the University of Halle, and in 1728 the 22-year-old Baumgarten, a Hallensian Pietist and bibliophile, was appointed as minister of the "Marktkirche Unser Lieben Frauen" (Market Church of Our Dear Lady).
He studied theology at the University of Halle, and in 1728 the 22-year-old Baumgarten, a Hallensian Pietist and bibliophile, was appointed as minister of the "Marktkirche Unser Lieben Frauen" (Market Church of Our Dear Lady).
He was a brother to philosopher Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714–1762). In 1730 he became an associate professor at Halle, where in 1734 he was appointed a full professor of theology. In 1748 he was named as university rector.
At the end of his life he translated encyclopedic articles and biographies from English into German.
He was a prodigious writer and published works on exegesis, hermeneutics, dogmatics and history. He was author of the first sixteen volumes of the Allgemeine Welthistorie (General World History), which after his death, was continued by his assistant Johann Salomo Semler (1725-1791).
Other noted works by Baumgarten include:
Auszug der Kirchengeschichte (Compendium of church history), Halle 1743-1763 (three volumes)
Geschichte der Religionsparteien (History of religious parties), Halle 1755
Nachrichten von merkwürdigen Büchern (Notices of extraordinary books), Halle 1752-1757 (12 volumes)
Nachrichten von einer hallischen Bibliothek, (Notices from the Halle Library), Halle 1748-1758.