Career
He joined the Bolsheviks in 1908. He was killed in action during a battle against the White Army forces of Alexander Kolchak. He was known as "China"s first Bolshevik".
In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, he raised a regiment of 1,500 Chinese expatriates for the Soviet cause.
He was killed in November 1918. The Soviet Union awarded him a Red Flag medal in November 1989, and a statue of him was erected in Tieling, his hometown, in 1993.