Maurice Anthony Biot was a Belgian-American aeronautical engineer and the founder of the theory of poroelasticity.
Education
Born in Antwerp, Belgium, Biot studied at Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium where he received a bachelor"s degrees in philosophy (1927), mining engineering (1929) and electrical engineering (1930), and Doctor of Science in 1931. He obtained his Doctor of Philosophy in Aeronautical Science from the California Institute of Technology in 1932 under Theodore von Kármán.
Career
In 1930s and 1940s Biot worked at Harvard University, the Catholic University of Leuven, Columbia University and Brown University, and later for a number of companies and government agencies, including National Aeronautics and Space Administration during the Space Program in the 1960s. During the period between 1932 and 1942, he conceived and then fully developed the response spectrum method (RSM) for earthquake engineering which was further promoted by George West Housner. In the period between 1935 and 1962 Biot published a number of scientific papers that lay the foundations of the theory of poroelasticity (now known as Biot theory), which describes the mechanical behaviour of fluid-saturated porous media.
He also made a number of important contributions in areas of aerodynamics, irreversible thermodynamics and heat transfer, viscoelasticity and thermoelasticity, among others
Biot was interested in reports of unidentified flying objects, and in a 1952 interview with Life expressed his support of the extraterrestrial hypothesis. He died in New York City aged 80.
Membership
American Academy of Arts and Sciences.