Background
He was born 1890 in Moscow, but his family was among the Jews expelled in 1891. His father moved to Łódź. His mother took her children to her father"s home in Nesvizh (Nieswiez), Belorussia.
He was born 1890 in Moscow, but his family was among the Jews expelled in 1891. His father moved to Łódź. His mother took her children to her father"s home in Nesvizh (Nieswiez), Belorussia.
In 1900, the family was reunited in Łódź. He became a bookkeeper and began writing short narratives in the Yiddish press in Łódź. In 1914 he issued a collection of his poems called Shvartse fliterlekh (Black Spangles).
They worked in the Yiddish theatre in Moscow and became Soviet citizens.
He was arrested in April 1950, sentenced to ten years in prison, and sent to Siberia. After five years in a labor camp he was "rehabilitated" in September 1955 and was allowed to return to Poland in July 1956.
He was greeted there by a small number of literati who had reunited after the war. "But in despair at seeing a Poland that had become a Jewish cemetery and weakened by years in a labor camp, he died of a heart attack in Warsaw on 17 August 1956.".