Education
He subsequently obtained a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Literature at the same university in 1977.
He subsequently obtained a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Literature at the same university in 1977.
He also was a Dutch Ambassador to Iraq, Egypt, Germany and Indonesia. degree (doctorandus) cum laude from the University of Amsterdam in 1973. He taught Modern Middle Eastern History at the University of Amsterdam (1970-1975), was First Secretary at the Netherlands Embassy in Beirut, covering Lebanon, Jordan and Cyprus (1980-1983), Chargé d"Affaires of the Netherlands in Tripoli, Libya(1983-1985), and Deputy Director for African and Middle Eastern Affairs at the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1985-1988). He was also Ambassador of the Netherlands in Baghdad, Iraq (1988-1991.
Accredited until 2004), in Cairo, covering Egypt and Palestinian occupied territories (1991-1996), in Ankara, covering Turkey and Azerbaijan (1996-1999), in Bonn & Berlin, Germany (1999–2005), and in Jakarta (2005-2010), covering Indonesia and Timor-Leste.
