Kurt Heinrich Meyer or Kurt Otto Hans Meyer was a German chemist of Baltic origin.
Background
Meyer, the son of the pharmacologist Hans Horst Meyer, was a student from 1892 until 1901 in the “Gymnasium Philippinum” in Marburg, Germany. Afterwards, following the advice of his father, he travelled to England to complement his education and worked for several months in the laboratory of Ernest Rutherford.
Education
In Leipzig, Meyer obtained his Doctor of Philosophy in 1907 with the dissertation “Untersuchungen über Halochromie” (Research on Halochromie) under the direction of Arthur Hantzsch.
Career
This was followed at first by studies in medicine, later in chemistry in Marburg (where Theodor Zincke was the professor), and in Leipzig, Freiburg, London, and Munich. After his return to Germany in 1891, he obtained the highest academic degree, the Habilitation, working under the direction of Adolf von Baeyer in Munich on the determination of the equilibrium of the Keto-enol tautomerism of ethyl acetoacetate. This was done through the determination of the Enol content in Keto-Enol-tautomerism equilibria via titration of bromine (“Ueber die Keto-Enol Tautomerie”).
The Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and the "Meyer’s Back Titration" method bear his name.
In World War I, begiining in 1914, Meyer served as an officer in the artillery, however he was called in 1917 to carry out warfare research work in the Kaiser Wilhelm Society Institute in Berlin under the direction of Fritz Haber. After the end of the war he worked at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich under the direction of Richard Willstätter.
After a few more years at the University, he moved in 1921 to the Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG in Ludwigshafen, where he was appointed as director of the Research laboratories. Here his interests were concerned with high Polymer chemistry.
He worked in collaboration with Herman Francis Mark, whom he had brought into his institute.
In 1929 he relinquished this position of director and in 1931 became Professor of organic and inorganic Chemistry at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. There, one of his long-time collaborators was A.J.A. van der Wijk. Fischer’s doctoral research was involved with the isolation and purification of the Alpha-amylase, where he confirmed its nature as that of a protein, and not of a polysaccharide.
Meyer died in 1952 on a vacation in Menton, France.