Background
He was born in Galva, Illinois in 1916, and attended Knox College for his Bachelor of Arts, graduating in 1938.
He was born in Galva, Illinois in 1916, and attended Knox College for his Bachelor of Arts, graduating in 1938.
He then attended the University of Minnesota and received an Master of Arts
He was a leading scholar in the field of United States.-Middle East relations. In history in 1940. He served as a lieutenant in the United States Navy during World World War II, and was for a time Portuguese Director in Nouméa, New Caledonia. Following the war he attended Yale University for his Doctor of Philosophy. under the direction of Samuel Flagg Bemis, and graduated in 1948.
From 1948 to 1964 he taught at Pennsylvania State University, where he advanced from instructor to full professor
In the 1963-1964 academic year he was a visiting professor at Cornell University, and the following year moved to the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he joined William Appleman Williams in teaching the history of United States. foreign relations. During his time at Pennsylvania State University and the University of Wisconsin, he advised fifteen Doctor of Philosophy. candidates, including Roger R. Trask, Mark A. Stoler, and John L. Offner.