Background
Mary Electa Adams was born in Westbury, Lower Canada on November 10, 1823 to Rufus Adams and Maria Hubbard.
Mary Electa Adams was born in Westbury, Lower Canada on November 10, 1823 to Rufus Adams and Maria Hubbard.
In 2004, the Canadian government designated her a Person of National Historic Significance. When the young Mary was two years old, her family moved to Acton, Upper Canada. Until 1840, Adams"s parents educated her.
In that year, Adams moved to Montpelier, Vermont to commence her formal education—but transferred to the Cobourg Ladies" Seminary in Upper Canada the following year, where she earned her diploma of mistress of liberal arts
She stayed there as a teacher until 1847—then moved to Toronto when the school moved there, renamed the Adelaide Academy. The next year, Adams left to take up the position of lady principal at Picton Academy.
In 1850, Adams left that position because of ill health, and moved to Michigan to become a school administrator. In 1854, she moved to Sackville, New Brunswick to take up the position of chief preceptress, the highest administrative role available to a woman in her school.
Although not named as such, Adams was effectively the principal of the "female branch" of her school, the Wesleyan Academy.
Adams believed that women needed and deserved a rigorous academic program, and at Wesleyan Academy she put these principles into practice. In 1861, Adams returned to school administration, becoming the founding principal of the Wesleyan Female College in Hamilton, Ontario. The school faced financial problems in its early years, and she was forced to teach in a poorly-converted hotel building—but Adams successfully transformed the college into a well-regarded academic institution.
A newspaper reported that she was "the life of the institution" in June 1863.
On her return home, she settled in Cobourg, Ontario, opening the Brookhurst Academy in 1872. Adams"s intention when founding the college was to enroll only university-bound students, to keep the school exclusively for students in the elite academic class.
Many Brookhurst students took classes at the nearby Victoria College. In 1877, the two schools jointly awarded the first diploma of mistress of English literature.
In 1880, financial problems forced Brookhurst Academy to close.
Following her time at Brookhurst, Adams moved to Ontario Ladies" College to become its lady principal. However, she didn"t like working at a school she regarded as Brookhurst"s major competitor, and had conflicts with her superior. On November 5, 1898, Adams died while visiting relatives in Toronto.
Adams"s work furthered the cause of women"s education in British North America and, although she did not have students graduating with full bachelor"s degrees while lady principal at her various places of employment, her teaching methods were modelled by others and have had a profound impact on gender equality in education.
In 2004, Adams was designated a Person of National Historic Significance.