Career
Together with two other Labour MPs, Leslie Solley and Konni Zilliacus, he voted against the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty. This led to the trio"s expulsion from the Labour Party on 16 May 1949, and they subsequently sat as the Labour Independent Group. His constituency was abolished at the 1950 election, so he unsuccessfully fought Walthamstowe East but never returned to Parliament.
He was also a historian, writer and teacher.