Background
Ethel Madison Bailey was born in Richmond, Virginia. She was the daughter of Margaret M. Jones Bailey and Madison J. Bailey.
Ethel Madison Bailey was born in Richmond, Virginia. She was the daughter of Margaret M. Jones Bailey and Madison J. Bailey.
As a young child, Furman started to gain knowledge on architecture and the building arts by shadowing her father, Madison J. Bailey, who was the second licensed Black building contractor in Richmond. Over time, this informal education allowed Bailey to take on some of the drafting duties for her father"s business. At one point in her training she moved to New York City where she studied architecture privately.
In the late 1920s she was the only woman to attend the Hampton Institute"s annual builder"s conference.
She trained in drafting through Chicago Technical College into the 1940s.
After training in New York City, she returned to Richmond in 1921 and began designing houses for locals. Furman worked with her father, and also raised three children. During this time she worked other jobs to supplement income to raise her family.
As an African-American woman she experienced discrimination in the architecture community, as local bureaucrats refused to accept her as the architect of record on her own projects.
Consequently, she would often have to submit her job proposals through male contractors with whom she worked.