Background
Ferdinand Hassler was born on October 7, 1770, in Aarau, Switzerland, the only son of Jakob Hassler, a well-to-do watch manufacturer.
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to ensure edition identification: ++++ Papers On Various Subjects Connected With The Survey Of The Coast Of The United States Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler Printed by Abraham Small, 1824 Technology & Engineering; Surveying; Hydrographic surveying; Surveying; Technology & Engineering / Surveying
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
This book was originally published prior to 1923, and represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. While some publishers have opted to apply OCR (optical character recognition) technology to the process, we believe this leads to sub-optimal results (frequent typographical errors, strange characters and confusing formatting) and does not adequately preserve the historical character of the original artifact. We believe this work is culturally important in its original archival form. While we strive to adequately clean and digitally enhance the original work, there are occasionally instances where imperfections such as blurred or missing pages, poor pictures or errant marks may have been introduced due to either the quality of the original work or the scanning process itself. Despite these occasional imperfections, we have brought it back into print as part of our ongoing global book preservation commitment, providing customers with access to the best possible historical reprints. We appreciate your understanding of these occasional imperfections, and sincerely hope you enjoy seeing the book in a format as close as possible to that intended by the original publisher.
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Ferdinand Hassler was born on October 7, 1770, in Aarau, Switzerland, the only son of Jakob Hassler, a well-to-do watch manufacturer.
Ferdinand studied under Johann Georg Tralles of Hamburg at the University of Bern.
Hassler engaged in geodetic field work in Switzerland until troubled political conditions led him to join a land company which planned to form a Swiss colony in the southern United States, and in 1805 he emigrated to America with his wife and children. Although intending to take up farming, he brought with him a library of several thousand volumes and a number of scientific instruments. On his arrival in Philadelphia, he found the company financially embarrassed, leaving the would-be colonists stranded.
Hassler’s interest in science soon brought him into contact with the members of the American Philosophical Society, who were responsible for recommending to President Jefferson a survey of the coasts of the United States. Upon recommendation of Congress, on February 10, 1807, passed a law authorizing such a survey. Plans were then invited for carrying it into effect; a commission, after considering the plans proposed, accepted Hassler’s; and he was nominated to undertake the work. Because of troubled political conditions both at home and abroad, however, the active prosecution of the survey was held in abeyance. Meanwhile, on February 14, 1807, Hassler was appointed acting professor of mathematics at West Point.
When, in 1809, the secretary of war decided that the law did not authorize the employment of civilians at the Military Academy, he became professor of natural philosophy and mathematics at Union College, but resigned in July 1811, upon being asked by the secretary of the treasury to proceed to London to procure the necessary instruments needed for starting the United States Coast Survey.
The War of 1812 began soon after Hassler's arrival in London and it was not till 1815 that he returned to the United States with the instruments. In 1816 he was formally appointed superintendent of the Coast Survey and immediately began field operations. These were continued until April 1818, when the law authorizing the survey of the coast was so modified that only naval and military officers could be employed in the work. This legislation excluded Hassler and led to a practical suspension of the Survey. During the following year he was engaged as one of the United States astronomers in settling the Northeastern boundary, but he spent the next decade farming, not very successfully, in New York state, teaching, writing mathematical textbooks, and, for a time, performing the duties of gager in the New York Custom House.
In 1830 Hassler returned to scientific work for the government as superintendent of Weights and Measures, to which position he was appointed by President Jackson. Two years later the Coast Survey was reestablished and Hassler was again appointed superintendent. Although he was now sixty-two, he threw himself into the work with enthusiasm, again assembling the necessary instruments and training assistants, and himself carrying on observations in the field. While engaged in field work in the late fall of 1843 he became ill and died shortly afterward in Philadelphia, where he was buried.
As organizer and superintendent of the first scientific bureau under the government, Hassler had to contend with many difficulties. Although the survey of the coast was generally regarded as a problem to be attacked by ordinary surveying methods, Hassler’s scientific temperament and familiarity with the best practice of geodetic surveying in Europe made him realize that the survey would possess permanent value only if it were carried out in accordance with the highest scientific standards.
Time has justified the soundness of his ideas: the extension of the survey of the coast, to the present day, follows his plan, and the field work he carried out more than a century ago is of such high precision that it still forms part of the basic network. Confident of his own ability, which was abundantly exhibited in coping with various technical problems arising in the conduct of the Coast Survey and in the design and improvement of various geodetic surveying instruments, he was impatient of what he considered as hampering and unnecessarily restrictive measures on the part of the administrative authorities in connection with the supervision and auditing of the accounts of the Survey. Consequently much of his energy during the last years of his life was expended in controversies over details regarding financial procedure. Conscious of his own integrity and wholly unfamiliar with the art of lobbying, he was not always politic in dealing with his administrative superiors or with Congressional committees.
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This book was originally published prior to 1923, and rep...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
In 1798 Hassler married Marianne Gaillard. As the mother of nine children and the wife of a man whose greatest enthusiasm was for science and who at different times was in straitened financial circumstances, Mrs. Hassler’s life was not easy. The want of society while they lived on the farm in New York state was an especial hardship to her, and accordingly, about 1823, when the two older girls were able to manage the household, she left home never to return. She spent the rest of her life first with friends and then with one or another of her children. Hassler saw her but once again, a few years after she had left.