Background
He was born in Greenock, son of a Clyde boat captain.
He was born in Greenock, son of a Clyde boat captain.
He was therefore a junior observer rather than a player in the dramatic events of late 1891 when British and Belgian expeditions competed to take Msiri"s kingdom into their respective colonies, and Msiri was killed by Lieutenant Bodson of the Belgian expedition,
In the aftermath of the killing and a massacre of Msiri"s men, the 10,000-strong population of Bunkeya fled into the bush, and Crawford moved to the western shore of Lake Mweru and established a mission there. The Congo Free State"s agents took over Katanga with a brutality which caused many refugees to come to Crawford"s mission, which was the origin of his nickname "Konga Vantu" which means "gatherer of the people". Crawford also persuaded many chiefs to give up their slaves whom he took into his mission.
Soon he had to move to a better site which could support more people at the Luanza River near where it flows into Lake Mweru.
Crawford was an individualist who did not work well for long in the company of his seniors or colleagues, but he did much to travel around the Luapula valley founding and encouraging other outposts of the Garenganze Evangelical Mission. He studied African languages and sought to understand African customs and traditional rule, and was a frequent visitor to chiefs such as Mwata Kazembe.
He wrote two influential books, of which one, Thinking Black was recommended reading for those Europeans who wanted to work in partnership with, rather than over, Africans. Despite once believing that a missionary should not marry, Crawford married Grace Tilsley and continued to be based at Luanza until his death in 1926.
He only returned to Britain once, although he did visit the United States of America and Australia to recruit missionaries and obtain funding.
One of Dan Crawford"s grandchildren is Mairi Hedderwick, author and illustrator of the Katie Morag series of children"s picture books