Career
Born in Batra and educated at a village school in the Nile Delta, he gained his Alimiya degree from al-Azhar University, Cairo. Finding a job as a clerk in the Mufti's office, he was promoted to the post of amin al-fatwa. In 1954 he became a judge.
Nasser appointed him to the Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs in 1960. In 1978 Anwar Sadat appointed him as Grand Mufti of Egypt. In 1982 he became Minister of Religious Affairs, and then Grand Imam of Al-Azhar.
However, the government was less pleased by his criticism of abortion (for which he collaborated with the Vatican delegation) at the 1994 UN Population Conference in Cairo. He refused to accept the Oslo Accords, since they did not acknowledge the Palestinian right of return. He died in Cairo.