Education
He studied at Heidelberg and the University of Berlin, obtaining his doctorate from the latter in 1868.
He studied at Heidelberg and the University of Berlin, obtaining his doctorate from the latter in 1868.
From 1870 to 1878 he was a teacher at Sophien-Realgymnasium in Berlin, during which time, he participated in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871). He lectured at Halle and Karlsruhe and conducted research at the University of Greifswald (1885–1895), and later at the University of Tübingen.